Pope Kirillos

Tag: Nicodemus

  • John 7 – Jesus at the Feast of Tabernacles and the Division Among the People

    Jesus and the Division: Understanding John 7 and True Faith

    Executive Summary ✨

    John 7 unveils a crucial moment in Jesus’ ministry, showcasing His presence at the Feast of Tabernacles and the subsequent division it caused among the people. This chapter highlights the conflict between belief and unbelief, obedience and disobedience, and the struggle to discern the true Messiah. Jesus’ teachings challenged the established norms and revealed the hypocrisy of the religious leaders, leading to debates and ultimately, attempts on His life. The chapter emphasizes the importance of seeking truth with an open heart, recognizing the divine origin of Jesus’ words and actions, and understanding that genuine faith requires more than mere intellectual assent. Exploring Jesus and the Division among the people reveals the depth of His message and the choice we all face: to accept Him as the Messiah or reject Him, clinging to worldly understanding.

    Introduction: John chapter 7 offers a window into the charged atmosphere surrounding Jesus’ ministry. Attending the Feast of Tabernacles, a time of great celebration and remembrance, He stirred controversy and revealed the spiritual blindness that permeated the hearts of many. This chapter serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of discernment, obedience, and the pursuit of truth in our own spiritual journeys. The lessons within are as relevant today as they were two millennia ago, urging us to examine our own hearts and ensure we are truly following Christ. Do you need a beautiful website to share your faith, consider our website creation services.

    Commentary Sections 📖

    John 7:1-2

    KJV: After these things Jesus walked in Galilee: for he would not walk in Jewry, because the Jews sought to kill him. Now the Jews’ feast of tabernacles was at hand.

    NKJV: After these things Jesus walked in Galilee; for He did not want to walk in Judea, because the Jews sought to kill Him. Now the Jews’ Feast of Tabernacles was at hand.

    Jesus deliberately avoids Judea due to the escalating hostility from the Jewish authorities who sought His demise. The Feast of Tabernacles, a celebration of God’s provision during the Israelites’ wilderness wanderings, is approaching. This sets the stage for a confrontation between Jesus and those who rejected Him.

    Spiritual Application: Like Jesus, we must discern when to withdraw from hostile environments to protect ourselves spiritually and physically. We must be wise as serpents and harmless as doves (Matthew 10:16). The Feast of Tabernacles reminds us to be thankful for God’s provision in our lives and to remember His faithfulness throughout our journey.

    John 7:3-4

    KJV: His brethren therefore said unto him, Depart hence, and go into Judaea, that thy disciples also may see the works that thou doest. For there is no man that doeth any thing in secret, and he himself seeketh to be known openly. If thou do these things, shew thyself to the world.

    NKJV: His brothers therefore said to Him, “Depart from here and go into Judea, that Your disciples also may see the works that You are doing. For no one does anything in secret while he himself seeks to be known openly. If You do these things, show Yourself to the world.”

    Jesus’ brothers, likely driven by a mixture of skepticism and ambition, urge Him to go to Judea to publicly display His miracles. Their suggestion reveals a misunderstanding of Jesus’ mission and a desire for earthly recognition.

    Spiritual Application: Even those closest to us may not fully understand our calling or the path God has laid out for us. We must remain steadfast in our obedience to God, even when facing pressure from others to conform to worldly expectations. Their advice, although seemingly logical, stems from a lack of faith and understanding. We see a similar dynamic in the Old Testament when Joseph’s brothers mocked his dreams.

    John 7:5

    KJV: For neither did his brethren believe in him.

    NKJV: For even His brothers did not believe in Him.

    This verse reveals the profound lack of faith within Jesus’ own family. Their skepticism underscores the challenge Jesus faced in convincing even those closest to Him of His true identity and mission.

    Spiritual Application: Faith is a gift, not a guarantee. It can be especially challenging to share our faith with those who know us best, as they may struggle to see beyond our imperfections. St. Mark recounts the story of the demon-possessed boy, where the father pleads “Lord, I believe; help my unbelief!” (Mark 9:24). This reflects the struggle we all face sometimes.

    John 7:6-9

    KJV: Then Jesus said unto them, My time is not yet come: but your time is alway ready. The world cannot hate you; but me it hateth, because I testify of it, that the works thereof are evil. Go ye up unto this feast: I go not up yet unto this feast; for my time is not yet full come. When he had said these words unto them, he abode still in Galilee.

    NKJV: Then Jesus said to them, “My time has not yet come, but your time is always ready. The world cannot hate you, but it hates Me because I testify of it, that its works are evil. You go up to this feast. I am not yet going up to this feast, for My time has not yet fully come.” When He had said these things to them, He remained in Galilee.

    Jesus explains that His “time” has not yet come, referring to the appointed time for His suffering and glorification. He highlights the contrast between His relationship with the world, which hates Him because He exposes its evil, and His brothers, who are not subject to the same animosity. He delays going to the Feast, emphasizing the divine timing of His actions.

    Spiritual Application: We must trust in God’s timing, even when it differs from our own desires or expectations. The world will inevitably hate those who follow Christ and stand for truth, but we must remain faithful, knowing that our reward is in heaven. As the Apostle Paul said in Galatians 1:10, “For do I now persuade men, or God? or do I seek to please men? for if I yet pleased men, I should not be the servant of Christ.”

    John 7:10-13

    KJV: But when his brethren were gone up, then went he also up unto the feast, not openly, but as it were in secret. Then the Jews sought him at the feast, and said, Where is he? And there was much murmuring among the people concerning him: for some said, He is a good man: others said, Nay; but he deceiveth the people. Howbeit no man spake openly of him for fear of the Jews.

    NKJV: But when His brothers had gone up, then He also went up to the feast, not openly, but as it were in secret. Then the Jews sought Him at the feast, and said, “Where is He?” And there was much complaining among the people concerning Him. Some said, “He is good”; others said, “No, but He deceives the people.” However, no one spoke openly of Him for fear of the Jews.

    After His brothers leave, Jesus goes to the Feast, but discreetly. The people are divided, some believing He is good, others accusing Him of deception. Fear of the Jewish authorities prevents open discussion about Him.

    Spiritual Application: Fear can be a powerful obstacle to speaking the truth. We must pray for courage to stand up for our faith, even in the face of opposition. The division among the people reflects the ongoing struggle between truth and falsehood, and the importance of seeking discernment from the Holy Spirit. We can draw inspiration from the Book of Daniel where Daniel and his companions refused to bow down to idols.

    John 7:14-15

    KJV: Now about the midst of the feast Jesus went up into the temple, and taught. And the Jews marvelled, saying, How knoweth this man letters, having never learned?

    NKJV: Now about the middle of the feast Jesus went up into the temple and taught. And the Jews marveled, saying, “How does this Man know letters, having never been taught?”

    Midway through the Feast, Jesus enters the temple and begins teaching. The Jewish leaders are astonished by His wisdom and knowledge, questioning how He could possess such understanding without formal education. This highlights the divine source of Jesus’ teachings.

    Spiritual Application: True wisdom comes from God, not from human learning alone. We should seek to learn from both secular and spiritual sources, but always prioritize God’s Word and guidance. Let’s remember that even the greatest intellects pale in comparison to Divine wisdom.

    John 7:16-18

    KJV: Jesus answered them, and said, My doctrine is not mine, but his that sent me. If any man will do his will, he shall know of the doctrine, whether it be of God, or whether I speak of myself. He that speaketh of himself seeketh his own glory: but he that seeketh his glory that sent him, the same is true, and no unrighteousness is in him.

    NKJV: Jesus answered them and said, “My doctrine is not Mine, but His who sent Me. If anyone wills to do His will, he shall know concerning the doctrine, whether it is from God or whether I speak on My own authority. He who speaks from himself seeks his own glory; but He who seeks the glory of the One who sent Him is true, and no unrighteousness is in Him.

    Jesus declares that His teaching comes from God, not from Himself. He states that those who desire to do God’s will will recognize the divine origin of His doctrine. He contrasts seeking personal glory with seeking the glory of the Father, emphasizing His own truthfulness and righteousness.

    Spiritual Application: Obedience is key to understanding God’s truth. We must be willing to submit our will to His and to seek His guidance in all things. True teachers seek to glorify God, not themselves, and their teachings are consistent with His Word. The Holy Fathers emphasize humility as the cornerstone of spiritual growth – “ἡ ταπεινοφροσύνη ἐστὶν ἡ θεμέλιος πάσης ἀρετῆς” (humility is the foundation of every virtue), (Saint Anthony the Great).

    John 7:19-24

    KJV: Did not Moses give you the law, and yet none of you keepeth the law? Why go ye about to kill me? The people answered and said, Thou hast a devil: who goeth about to kill thee? Jesus answered and said unto them, I have done one work, and ye all marvel. Moses therefore gave unto you circumcision; (not because it is of Moses, but of the fathers;) and ye on the sabbath day circumcise a man. If a man on the sabbath day receive circumcision, that the law of Moses should not be broken; are ye angry at me, because I have made a man every whit whole on the sabbath day? Judge not according to the appearance, but judge righteous judgment.

    NKJV: Did not Moses give you the law, and yet none of you keeps the law? Why do you seek to kill Me?” The people answered and said, “You have a demon. Who is seeking to kill You?” Jesus answered and said to them, “I did one work, and you all marvel. Moses therefore gave you circumcision (not that it is from Moses, but from the fathers), and you circumcise a man on the Sabbath. If a man receives circumcision on the Sabbath, so that the law of Moses should not be broken, are you angry with Me because I have made a man completely well on the Sabbath? Do not judge according to appearance, but judge with righteous judgment.”

    Jesus accuses the people of not keeping the Law of Moses, despite their adherence to it. He points out their hypocrisy in seeking to kill Him for healing on the Sabbath, while they circumcise on the Sabbath to uphold the Law. He urges them to judge with righteous judgment, not according to appearances.

    Spiritual Application: Hypocrisy is a grave sin. We must examine our own hearts and ensure that our actions align with our words. True obedience to God requires mercy and compassion, not rigid adherence to legalistic rules. Justice and mercy must walk together. We should always seek to discern the spirit of the law, rather than just its literal interpretation. This is often a key tenet in the teachings of St. Cyril of Alexandria.

    John 7:25-31

    KJV: Then said some of them of Jerusalem, Is not this he, whom they seek to kill? But, lo, he speaketh boldly, and they say nothing unto him. Do the rulers know indeed that this is the very Christ? Howbeit we know this man whence he is: but when Christ cometh, no man knoweth whence he is. Then cried Jesus in the temple as he taught, saying, Ye both know me, and ye know whence I am: and I am not come of myself, but he that sent me is true, whom ye know not. But I know him: for I am from him, and he hath sent me. Then they sought to take him: but no man laid hands on him, because his hour was not yet come. And many of the people believed on him, and said, When Christ cometh, will he do more miracles than these which this man hath done?

    NKJV: Then some of them from Jerusalem said, “Is this not He whom they seek to kill? But look! He speaks boldly, and they say nothing to Him. Do the rulers know indeed that this is the Christ? However, we know where this Man is from; but when the Christ comes, no one knows where He is from.” Then Jesus cried out in the temple, as He taught, saying, “You both know Me and you know where I am from; and I have not come of Myself, but He who sent Me is true, whom you do not know. But I know Him, for I am from Him, and He sent Me.” Therefore they sought to take Him; but no one laid a hand on Him, because His hour had not yet come. And many of the people believed in Him, and said, “When the Christ comes, will He do more signs than these which this Man has done?”

    The people of Jerusalem recognize that Jesus is the one the authorities seek to kill, yet He speaks openly. Some wonder if the rulers secretly believe He is the Christ. They object that they know His origins, while the Messiah’s origins are unknown. Jesus declares that He is sent by God, whom they do not know. They attempt to arrest Him, but are unable, as His time has not yet come. Many believe in Him, questioning if the Messiah will perform more miracles.

    Spiritual Application: Jesus’ bold proclamation of His divine origin challenges the limited understanding of the people. True knowledge of Christ comes through revelation from God, not through human understanding alone. God’s timing is perfect, and no one can thwart His plans. Miracles can lead to belief, but true faith requires a deeper understanding of Christ’s identity and mission.

    John 7:32-36

    KJV: The Pharisees heard that the people murmured such things concerning him; and the Pharisees and the chief priests sent officers to take him. Then said Jesus unto them, Yet a little while am I with you, and then I go unto him that sent me. Ye shall seek me, and shall not find me: and where I am, thither ye cannot come. Then said the Jews among themselves, Whither will he go, that we shall not find him? will he go unto the dispersed among the Gentiles, and teach the Gentiles? What manner of saying is this that he said, Ye shall seek me, and shall not find me: and where I am, thither ye cannot come?

    NKJV: The Pharisees heard the crowd murmuring these things concerning Him, and the Pharisees and the chief priests sent officers to take Him. Then Jesus said to them, “I shall be with you a little while longer, and then I go to Him who sent Me. You will seek Me and not find Me, and where I am you cannot come.” Then the Jews said among themselves, “Where does He intend to go that we shall not find Him? Does He intend to go to the Dispersion among the Gentiles and teach the Gentiles? What is this saying that He said, ‘You will seek Me and not find Me, and where I am you cannot come’?”

    The Pharisees, alarmed by the people’s murmuring, send officers to arrest Jesus. Jesus warns them that He will soon leave them and return to the Father. He states that they will seek Him but not find Him, and they will be unable to go where He goes. The Jews misunderstand His words, speculating that He might go to the Dispersion among the Gentiles.

    Spiritual Application: Jesus foreshadows His ascension and the consequences of rejecting Him. Those who reject Christ in this life will not be able to join Him in eternity. We must seize the opportunity to seek Him now, while He is still within reach. This passage underscores the seriousness of our choices and the eternal consequences of our faith. The concept of separation from God is a recurring theme in both Old and New Testaments.

    John 7:37-39

    KJV: In the last day, that great day of the feast, Jesus stood and cried, saying, If any man thirst, let him come unto me, and drink. He that believeth on me, as the scripture hath said, out of his belly shall flow rivers of living water. (But this spake he of the Spirit, which they that believe on him should receive: for the Holy Ghost was not yet given; because that Jesus was not yet glorified.)

    NKJV: On the last day, that great day of the feast, Jesus stood and cried out, saying, “If anyone thirsts, let him come to Me and drink. He who believes in Me, as the Scripture has said, out of his heart will flow rivers of living water.” But this He spoke concerning the Spirit, whom those believing in Him would receive; for the Holy Spirit was not yet given, because Jesus was not yet glorified.

    On the last and most important day of the Feast, Jesus proclaims that those who thirst should come to Him and drink. He promises that those who believe in Him will have rivers of living water flowing from within them, referring to the Holy Spirit, who would be given after His glorification.

    Spiritual Application: Jesus offers Himself as the source of true satisfaction and spiritual fulfillment. The Holy Spirit is the “living water” that quenches our spiritual thirst and empowers us to live a life of faith. This passage is deeply connected to the Old Testament imagery of water as a symbol of life and purification. We should constantly seek the infilling of the Holy Spirit, recognizing that He is essential for our spiritual growth and effectiveness.

    John 7:40-44

    KJV: Many of the people therefore, when they heard this saying, said, Of a truth this is the Prophet. Others said, This is the Christ. But some said, Shall Christ come out of Galilee? Hath not the scripture said, That Christ cometh of the seed of David, and out of the town of Bethlehem, where David was? So there was a division among the people because of him. And some of them would have taken him; but no man laid hands on him.

    NKJV: Therefore many from the crowd, when they heard this saying, said, “This is truly the Prophet.” Others said, “This is the Christ.” But some said, “Will the Christ come out of Galilee? Has not the Scripture said that the Christ comes from the seed of David and from the town of Bethlehem, where David was?” So there was a division among the people because of Him. Now some of them wanted to take Him, but no one laid hands on Him.

    The people respond differently to Jesus’ words. Some believe He is the Prophet, others that He is the Christ. Some object that He is from Galilee, while the Messiah is to be born in Bethlehem, of the lineage of David. Division arises among the people. Some want to arrest Him, but no one does.

    Spiritual Application: Varying opinions about Christ are inevitable. People will interpret Scripture differently and have different perspectives. We must approach these differences with humility and a willingness to learn from one another. However, we must also hold fast to the truth revealed in Scripture and the teachings of the Church, trusting in the guidance of the Holy Spirit.

    John 7:45-52

    KJV: Then came the officers to the chief priests and Pharisees; and they said unto them, Why have ye not brought him? The officers answered, Never man spake like this man. Then answered them the Pharisees, Are ye also deceived? Have any of the rulers or of the Pharisees believed on him? But this people who knoweth not the law are cursed. Nicodemus saith unto them, (he that came to Jesus by night, being one of them,) Doth our law judge any man, before it hear him, and know what he doeth? They answered and said unto him, Art thou also of Galilee? Search, and look: for out of Galilee ariseth no prophet.

    NKJV: Then the officers came to the chief priests and Pharisees, who said to them, “Why have you not brought Him?” The officers answered, “No man ever spoke like this Man!” Then the Pharisees answered them, “Are you also deceived? Have any of the rulers or of the Pharisees believed in Him? But this crowd that does not know the law is accursed.” Nicodemus (he who came to Jesus by night, being one of them) said to them, “Does our law judge a man before it hears him and knows what he is doing?” They answered and said to him, “Are you also from Galilee? Search and look, for no prophet has arisen out of Galilee.”

    The officers return to the Pharisees and chief priests without arresting Jesus, explaining that no one has ever spoken like Him. The Pharisees accuse them of being deceived, pointing out that none of the rulers or Pharisees believe in Him. They dismiss the crowd as ignorant of the law and cursed. Nicodemus defends Jesus, arguing that the law requires a fair hearing. The Pharisees mock Nicodemus, suggesting he is also from Galilee, and assert that no prophet comes from Galilee.

    Spiritual Application: The Pharisees represent religious pride and intellectual arrogance. They are unwilling to consider the possibility that Jesus might be the Messiah because He does not fit their preconceived notions. We must be wary of intellectual pride and always remain open to the possibility that God may work in unexpected ways. Nicodemus’s courage in defending Jesus, even in the face of opposition, is an example for us to follow. Nicodemus, who once came to Jesus by night, starts to show a public sign of defending Him.

    John 7:53

    KJV: And every man went unto his own house.

    NKJV: And everyone went to his own house.

    This verse marks the end of the encounter, with everyone returning to their homes. It underscores the unresolved tension and the ongoing division among the people concerning Jesus.

    Spiritual Application: The division caused by Jesus continues even after the Feast concludes. Each person must ultimately decide for themselves whether to accept or reject Him. This verse serves as a reminder that the choice is ours, and we will be held accountable for our decision. The day we stand before God we will be asked: What have you done with my Son?

    Subtopic Sections💡

    The concept of “time” is crucial to understanding this chapter. Jesus refers to His “time” not yet having come several times. This speaks to the divine plan and the predestined nature of His mission.

    • Divine Timing: God’s timing is perfect. We must learn to trust in His timing, even when it differs from our own expectations.
    • Patience: Jesus’ patience in waiting for the right moment is an example for us to follow.
    • Preparation: Jesus used the time before his “hour” to prepare his disciples and teach the truth.
    • Eternal Perspective: The “time” Jesus refers to is not merely a chronological event, but part of God’s eternal plan.
    • Active Waiting: Waiting on God does not mean being passive. We should be actively seeking His will and preparing ourselves for His purposes.

    The theme of “division” is also prominent in this chapter, showcasing that choosing between belief and unbelief is a deeply personal decision.

    • Internal Conflict: The division within individuals reflects the struggle between their old nature and their new nature in Christ.
    • Social Division: Jesus’ presence and teachings inevitably cause division within families, communities, and even nations.
    • Spiritual Warfare: The division between believers and unbelievers reflects the ongoing spiritual warfare between good and evil.
    • Personal Choice: Each individual must choose whether to accept or reject Christ.
    • Uncomfortable Truth: It’s a clear fact that following Christ doesn’t avoid conflict; rather, sometimes it’s increased.

    FAQ ❓

    Q: Why did Jesus delay going to the Feast of Tabernacles?

    A: Jesus delayed going to the Feast because His “time” had not yet come, referring to the appointed time for His suffering and glorification. He also sought to avoid unnecessary conflict with the Jewish authorities who sought to kill Him.

    Q: What is the significance of the “living water” that Jesus speaks of?

    A: The “living water” refers to the Holy Spirit, who is given to those who believe in Jesus. The Holy Spirit quenches our spiritual thirst, empowers us to live a life of faith, and enables us to bear fruit for God’s glory. This is a fulfillment of the prophecies in the Old Testament.

    Q: Why were the Pharisees so opposed to Jesus?

    A: The Pharisees were opposed to Jesus because He challenged their authority, exposed their hypocrisy, and threatened their position within Jewish society. They were unwilling to consider the possibility that He might be the Messiah because He did not fit their preconceived notions.

    Q: How can we apply the lessons of John 7 to our lives today?

    A: We can apply the lessons of John 7 by seeking truth with an open heart, obeying God’s will, discerning between good and evil, standing up for our faith, and trusting in God’s timing. We must also be wary of intellectual pride and remain open to the possibility that God may work in unexpected ways.

    Conclusion ✨

    John 7 presents a powerful portrait of Jesus and the Division He caused among the people. This division stemmed from a clash between belief and unbelief, truth and falsehood, and the acceptance or rejection of Jesus as the Messiah. The chapter reminds us that true faith requires more than mere intellectual assent; it demands obedience, humility, and a willingness to seek God’s will. We must strive to discern the divine origin of Jesus’ words and actions, recognizing that He is the source of true satisfaction and spiritual fulfillment. Let us, therefore, examine our own hearts and ensure that we are truly following Christ, allowing the Holy Spirit to guide us into all truth and empower us to live a life that glorifies God. Today, just as in the days of Jesus, choosing to follow him means recognizing the division and making a conscious choice to stand with Him.

    Tags

    Jesus, John 7, Feast of Tabernacles, Division, Belief, Unbelief, Holy Spirit, Pharisees, Nicodemus, Living Water

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  • John 3 – Jesus and Nicodemus: You Must Be Born Again

    Born Again in Christ: Exploring the Meaning of Spiritual Rebirth in John 3

    Executive Summary

    John 3, the iconic chapter featuring Jesus’ discourse with Nicodemus, delves into the profound concept of being **born again**. This isn’t merely reformation but a radical, spiritual transformation necessary for entering the Kingdom of God. Nicodemus, a Pharisee and member of the Sanhedrin, approaches Jesus seeking truth. Jesus’ response about needing to be born of water and Spirit, highlights the vital role of Baptism and the Holy Spirit in salvation. The chapter moves beyond the initial bewilderment of Nicodemus to explore the depth of God’s love, expressed through the sacrifice of His Son. It culminates in the affirmation that belief in Jesus leads to eternal life while rejecting Him leads to condemnation. This chapter is a cornerstone of Christian theology, emphasizing the necessity of faith, divine grace, and the transformative power of the Holy Spirit for spiritual life.

    The encounter between Jesus and Nicodemus in John 3 presents a crucial understanding of salvation and the Christian life. Central to this dialogue is the concept of being **born again**, a spiritual rebirth that is not optional, but essential for seeing and entering the Kingdom of God. Let us embark on a verse-by-verse journey through this profound chapter, illuminated by the wisdom of the Church Fathers and the rich tapestry of Coptic Orthodox tradition. For more services, check out domain registration.

    Commentary on John 3

    John 3:1-2 – Nicodemus Comes to Jesus

    “There was a man of the Pharisees, named Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews. This man came to Jesus by night and said to Him, ‘Rabbi, we know that You are a teacher come from God; for no one can do these signs that You do unless God is with Him.’” (NKJV)

    Nicodemus, a Pharisee and member of the Sanhedrin, recognizes something extraordinary in Jesus. He comes “by night,” perhaps out of fear of his peers or to avoid public scrutiny. His opening statement reveals a degree of belief, acknowledging Jesus’ divine authority based on the miracles he has seen. He approaches Jesus with respect, addressing him as “Rabbi.” This encounter highlights the yearning for truth even within the established religious order of the time.

    Spiritual Application: Are we willing to seek truth even when it means challenging our own preconceived notions or risking disapproval from others? Nicodemus’ willingness to seek Jesus, despite the potential social cost, is a powerful example of humility and spiritual hunger.

    John 3:3 – “Born Again” Explained

    “Jesus answered and said to him, ‘Most assuredly, I say to you, unless one is born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God.’” (NKJV)

    Jesus’ immediate response is startling. He doesn’t engage in polite conversation but cuts straight to the core of the matter: the necessity of being **born again**. The Greek word translated as “again” is *ἄνωθεν* (anothen), which can also mean “from above” or “from heaven.” This ambiguity is deliberate, pointing to both a new beginning and a divine origin.

    St. Cyril of Alexandria comments on this verse, stating, “*ἀναγκαῖον ἄρα ἐστὶ τὴν τῆς ἀναγεννήσεως ἀπολαβεῖν χάριν, ὡς ἂν γένηται τις καινὸς ἄνθρωπος διὰ τῆς εἰς Χριστὸν πίστεως*” (“It is necessary to receive the grace of regeneration, so that one may become a new person through faith in Christ”) (*Commentary on John*, Book II, Chapter 3). This highlights the transformative power of faith in Christ as the means of rebirth.

    Spiritual Application: This verse emphasizes that mere intellectual assent to Jesus’ teachings is insufficient. A radical transformation, a spiritual rebirth, is required to enter the Kingdom of God. We must ask ourselves: am I truly experiencing this newness of life in Christ?

    John 3:4-5 – Born of Water and Spirit

    “Nicodemus said to Him, ‘How can a man be born when he is old? Can he enter a second time into his mother’s womb and be born?’ Jesus answered, ‘Most assuredly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God.’” (NKJV)

    Nicodemus struggles to comprehend Jesus’ words, interpreting them literally. Jesus clarifies that He is speaking of a spiritual birth, a birth “of water and the Spirit.” The “water” is generally understood as referring to Baptism, the sacrament through which we are cleansed from sin and united with Christ’s death and resurrection. The “Spirit” refers to the Holy Spirit, who indwells believers, empowering them for spiritual life.

    The Coptic Orthodox Church sees Baptism as essential for salvation, following the Lord’s command. This is not mere symbolic act, but a real and efficacious sacrament conveying grace. As St. Athanasius states, “*διὰ τὸ ὕδωρ τῆς παλιγγενεσίας καὶ τὴν ἀνανέωσιν τοῦ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου*” (“Through the water of regeneration and the renewal of the Holy Spirit”) (*Against the Arians*, 2.43), highlighting the essential role of water baptism in receiving the Holy Spirit and experiencing spiritual renewal.

    Spiritual Application: Baptism is not simply a tradition, but a sacrament instituted by Christ for our salvation. It is a gateway to a new life in the Spirit. Are we living in accordance with the grace we received at Baptism?

    John 3:6-8 – The Mystery of the Spirit

    “That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit. Do not marvel that I said to you, ‘You must be born again.’ The wind blows where it wishes, and you hear the sound of it, but cannot tell where it comes from and where it goes. So is everyone who is born of the Spirit.” (NKJV)

    Jesus emphasizes the difference between physical birth and spiritual birth. Physical birth produces a physical being, while spiritual birth produces a spiritual being. The working of the Holy Spirit is mysterious and beyond human comprehension. Like the wind, we can see its effects but cannot fully grasp its origin or destination. This underscores the divine initiative in salvation; it is God who initiates and empowers the process of spiritual rebirth.

    Spiritual Application: We must not try to confine the work of the Holy Spirit to our own understanding. We should be open to His leading, even when it defies our logic. Are we sensitive to the promptings of the Holy Spirit in our lives?

    John 3:9-13 – Jesus Explains His Authority

    “Nicodemus answered and said to Him, ‘How can these things be?’ Jesus answered and said to him, ‘Are you the teacher of Israel, and do not know these things? Most assuredly, I say to you, We speak what We know and testify what We have seen, and you do not receive Our witness. If I have told you earthly things and you do not believe, how will you believe if I tell you heavenly things? No one has ascended to heaven but He who came down from heaven, that is, the Son of Man who is in heaven.’” (NKJV)

    Jesus expresses surprise at Nicodemus’ lack of understanding, given his position as a teacher of Israel. Jesus asserts his divine authority, claiming to speak from firsthand knowledge of heavenly things. He contrasts earthly knowledge with heavenly knowledge, implying that Nicodemus is stuck in a limited, earthly perspective. He also makes the profound statement that He, the Son of Man, came down from heaven and yet remains in heaven, hinting at his divine nature and omnipresence.

    Spiritual Application: Jesus’ words challenge us to move beyond a merely intellectual understanding of faith and to embrace the reality of spiritual truths that transcend our limited human perspective. Are we truly open to receiving Jesus’ witness, even when it challenges our preconceived notions?

    John 3:14-15 – The Bronze Serpent and the Cross

    “And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of Man be lifted up, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have eternal life.” (NKJV)

    Jesus draws a parallel between the lifting up of the bronze serpent in the wilderness (Numbers 21:4-9) and his own crucifixion. The bronze serpent was a symbol of healing and deliverance for the Israelites who were bitten by venomous snakes. Similarly, Jesus, when lifted up on the cross, becomes the source of healing and salvation for all who believe in Him. This verse beautifully foreshadows the redemptive power of the cross. The act of looking upon the serpent was an act of faith that brought physical healing; similarly, believing in Jesus crucified brings spiritual healing and eternal life.

    Spiritual Application: We must look to the cross of Christ for our salvation. It is through his sacrifice that we are healed from the poison of sin and granted eternal life. Do we regularly contemplate the meaning of the cross and its implications for our lives?

    John 3:16 – God’s Love and Salvation

    “For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have everlasting life.” (NKJV)

    This is perhaps the most well-known and beloved verse in the Bible. It encapsulates the essence of the Gospel message: God’s immense love for humanity, demonstrated through the gift of his Son, Jesus Christ. Belief in Jesus is the key to receiving eternal life. This verse emphasizes the gratuitous nature of God’s love; it is not something we earn or deserve, but a free gift offered to all.

    St. John Chrysostom beautifully expounds on this verse, saying, “*Οὐ γὰρ ὡς ἀναγκαζόμενος, οὐδὲ ὡς λυπούμενος ἔδωκε τὸν Υἱόν, ἀλλ’ ὡς ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀγαπῶν ἡμᾶς*” (“For not as one compelled, nor as one grieving did He give His Son, but as one loving us beyond all measure”) (*Homilies on the Gospel of John*, Homily 27). This emphasizes the voluntary and joyful nature of God’s sacrifice, motivated by boundless love.

    Spiritual Application: We are called to respond to God’s love by believing in Jesus and living a life that reflects His teachings. Are we allowing God’s love to transform us and to motivate our actions?

    John 3:17-18 – Judgment and Belief

    “For God did not send His Son into the world to condemn the world, but that the world through Him might be saved. He who believes in Him is not condemned; but he who does not believe is condemned already, because he has not believed in the name of the only begotten Son of God.” (NKJV)

    God’s purpose in sending Jesus was not to condemn but to save. However, those who reject Jesus are, in effect, condemning themselves. The act of unbelief is a rejection of God’s grace and a choice to remain in darkness. This verse highlights the gravity of the decision to believe or not to believe in Jesus.

    Spiritual Application: Our response to Jesus has eternal consequences. We must take seriously the call to believe and trust in Him for our salvation. Are we actively choosing to embrace Jesus and his teachings, or are we allowing unbelief to harden our hearts?

    John 3:19-21 – Light and Darkness

    “And this is the condemnation, that the light has come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. For everyone practicing evil hates the light and does not come to the light, lest his deeds should be exposed. But he who does the truth comes to the light, that his deeds may be clearly seen, that they have been done in God.” (NKJV)

    Jesus is the “light” that has come into the world, revealing the truth about God and humanity. However, many people prefer darkness because their actions are evil. They fear exposure and judgment. Those who live according to the truth, on the other hand, welcome the light because their actions are done in accordance with God’s will. This verse highlights the moral implications of belief and unbelief.

    Spiritual Application: We must examine our lives and ask ourselves whether we are drawn to the light of Christ or prefer to remain in the darkness of sin. Are we willing to expose our deeds to the light of God’s truth, even if it is painful?

    John 3:22-36 – John the Baptist’s Testimony

    This section shifts to John the Baptist’s testimony concerning Jesus. He sees Jesus’ ministry flourishing and acknowledges his own diminishing role, stating, “He must increase, but I must decrease” (John 3:30). John recognizes Jesus as the Messiah, the Bridegroom, and affirms that “the Father loves the Son, and has given all things into His hand” (John 3:35). He concludes with a stark warning: “He who believes in the Son has everlasting life; and he who does not believe the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God abides on him” (John 3:36).

    Spiritual Application: Like John the Baptist, we must be willing to humble ourselves and recognize Jesus’ supreme authority. We must point others to him and rejoice in his growing influence in the world. Are we willing to decrease so that Christ may increase in our lives?

    Key Reflections on Being Born Again

    Let’s consider the profound implications of being **born again**:

    • ✨ **Radical Transformation:** It’s not just a change of behavior, but a transformation of our very nature.
    • 💡 **Divine Initiative:** God initiates this rebirth through the Holy Spirit.
    • 📖 **Sacramental Grace:** Baptism is a crucial element in this process, connecting us to Christ’s death and resurrection.
    • 📜 **New Identity:** We become new creations in Christ, adopted as children of God.
    • 🕊️ **Empowerment for Holiness:** The Holy Spirit empowers us to live a life pleasing to God.
    • 🌍 **Eternal Perspective:** We gain a new perspective on life, focused on the Kingdom of God.

    FAQ ❓

    Q: Why is being born again necessary?

    A: Jesus states clearly that it is necessary to *see* and *enter* the Kingdom of God. Our natural, fallen state prevents us from perceiving and experiencing God’s Kingdom. Being born again through the Holy Spirit cleanses and renews our spirit to allow us to experience God’s presence and enter his eternal kingdom.

    Q: What is the role of Baptism in being born again?

    A: Baptism is the sacrament through which we are united with Christ’s death and resurrection, cleansed from sin, and receive the Holy Spirit. It is the outward sign of an inward transformation, a visible manifestation of the spiritual rebirth that takes place within us.

    Q: How can I know if I am truly born again?

    A: The fruits of the Spirit – love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control (Galatians 5:22-23) – will be evident in your life. A genuine desire to follow Christ and obey his commands will also be present. You will also have a heart for repentance and change.

    Q: What does it mean to “believe” in Jesus?

    A: Believing in Jesus is more than just intellectual assent. It is a wholehearted trust in Him as Lord and Savior, a commitment to follow His teachings, and a reliance on His grace for salvation. It involves a turning away from sin and a turning towards God.

    Conclusion

    The encounter between Jesus and Nicodemus, exploring the profound concept of being **born again**, is a cornerstone of Christian faith. It emphasizes that salvation is not merely a matter of outward observance or intellectual understanding, but a radical, inward transformation brought about by the grace of God through the Holy Spirit. This transformative experience opens our eyes to the Kingdom of God, grants us a new identity as children of God, and empowers us to live lives that reflect the love and holiness of Christ. It calls us to humility, faith, and a willingness to embrace the mystery of God’s working in our lives. This profound spiritual journey is essential for anyone seeking to truly know God and experience the fullness of life He offers.

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    born again, Nicodemus, John 3, spiritual rebirth, baptism, Holy Spirit, salvation, Kingdom of God, faith, Coptic Orthodox

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    Explore the profound meaning of being **born again** in John 3 with our verse-by-verse commentary. Discover how spiritual rebirth unlocks the Kingdom of God.