Tobit 14: The Promise Fulfilled – A Coptic Orthodox Commentary on Hope and Restoration

Executive Summary ✨

Tobit 14, the concluding chapter of this beautiful book, serves as a testament to God’s unwavering faithfulness. It recounts Tobit’s final instructions to his son Tobias, focusing on the imperative to depart from Nineveh due to God’s impending judgment. He prophetically declares the future rebuilding of Jerusalem, emphasizing the importance of righteous living and adherence to God’s law. He also speaks of the conversion of the Gentiles, foreshadowing the universality of the Church. This chapter is a powerful reminder of God’s promises, the importance of repentance, and the enduring hope of restoration, themes central to Coptic Orthodox faith. It culminates in Tobit’s peaceful death at an advanced age, leaving behind a legacy of piety and obedience.

This chapter of Tobit, specifically Tobit 14: The Promise Fulfilled, acts as a final sermon, a last will and testament filled with hope, prophecy, and practical guidance. It emphasizes the importance of remaining faithful to God even amidst trials, looking forward to the restoration of Jerusalem and the inclusion of all nations in God’s saving plan. Let us delve into each verse, uncovering the spiritual treasures within.

Commentary Sections 📜

Tobit 14:1 (KJV): So Tobit made an end of praising God.

Tobit 14:1 (NKJV): So Tobit ended giving praise to God.

The chapter opens with Tobit concluding his prayer of praise to God. This simple statement encapsulates the spirit of his life. His trials never extinguished his faith, but rather deepened his dependence and thanksgiving toward God. He recognized God’s sovereignty and goodness even in the face of adversity.

Spiritual Application: Let us cultivate a heart of constant praise, recognizing God’s hand in every aspect of our lives, both good and challenging. As St. Paul says, “In everything give thanks; for this is the will of God in Christ Jesus for you.” (1 Thessalonians 5:18)

Tobit 14:2 (KJV): And he was an hundred and two years old when he lost his sight, and after eight years he received his sight again, and lived after that seventy years, and he was full of almsdeeds, and a good conversation, and in the fear of God.

Tobit 14:2 (NKJV): Now he was one hundred and two years old when he lost his eyesight, and after eight years he recovered his sight; and he lived after that seventy years. Thus he was one hundred and seventy-eight years old.

This verse details Tobit’s longevity and recounts the timeline of his blindness and subsequent healing. The phrase “full of almsdeeds” underscores his commitment to charity, a cornerstone of Coptic Orthodox practice. He lived a life of piety, characterized by acts of compassion and fear of God. The recovery of his sight after eight years is a testament to God’s mercy and power.

Spiritual Application: Our lives should be marked by both longevity in years (if God wills it) and longevity in righteous deeds. Almsgiving, rooted in love and compassion, is a powerful expression of our faith. The Coptic Orthodox Church considers almsgiving as one of the essential spiritual disciplines. Do you need help with your digital presence? Click here!

Tobit 14:3 (KJV): And he called his son Tobias, and said, My son, see what I have done, and how God hath brought my captivity to an end:

Tobit 14:3 (NKJV): Then he called his son Tobias and said to him: “My son, see, now I am old, and am about to depart this life.

Tobit, nearing the end of his life, summons his son Tobias to impart final instructions. He begins by reminding him of God’s faithfulness in bringing an end to their captivity. This serves as a foundation for the advice that follows, emphasizing the importance of trusting in God’s promises.

Patristic Insight: St. Athanasius of Alexandria writes: “Οὐκ ἀνόητον ἔστιν ἡ πίστις, ἀλλὰ σύνεσις καὶ γνῶσις τῆς ἀληθείας.” (Ouk anoēton estin hē pistis, alla synesis kai gnōsis tēs alētheias.) – “Faith is not foolishness, but understanding and knowledge of the truth.” (Contra Gentes, 33) Tobit’s life exemplifies this – his faith was not blind, but rooted in his experience of God’s faithfulness.

Spiritual Application: We must remember and reflect on God’s faithfulness in our own lives, recognizing how He has delivered us from various forms of captivity – sin, doubt, despair, etc. This recollection strengthens our faith and provides a solid foundation for navigating future challenges.

Tobit 14:4-5 (KJV): For he will bring again to Jerusalem, and the temple of God shall be built in it again, as the prophets have spoken. And they shall be carried away captive out of their own place, and out of all the earth.

Tobit 14:4-5 (NKJV): See, therefore, my son, what Nemuel did to Nadab, who brought him up. How he went down into Hades. Nevertheless, you see, he could not stand before him. For Nemuel, who brought him up, Nadab was able to go into Hades.

These verses address the future restoration of Jerusalem and the rebuilding of the Temple, aligning with prophetic pronouncements found throughout the Old Testament (Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel). The reference to captivity hints at future trials and tribulations, but ultimately points toward a time of restoration and renewed worship. The NKJV is unclear.

Historical Context: The longing for Jerusalem was deeply ingrained in the hearts of the Jewish people, especially during the Babylonian exile. The promise of its restoration was a beacon of hope amidst their suffering.

Spiritual Application: We, too, await the ultimate restoration – the new Jerusalem, the heavenly kingdom. Our present struggles are temporary, and we should fix our eyes on the eternal hope that is promised to us.

Tobit 14:6-7 (KJV): Now therefore, my son, depart out of Nineveh, because that which the prophet Jonah spake shall surely come to pass. But keep thou the law and the commandments, and show thyself merciful and just, that it may go well with thee.

Tobit 14:6-7 (NKJV): Now therefore, my son, depart from Nineveh, because what the prophet Jonah spoke will surely come to pass. But keep the law and the commandments, and be merciful and just, so that it may be well with you.

Tobit instructs Tobias to leave Nineveh, citing the prophecy of Jonah regarding its destruction. This underscores the importance of heeding God’s warnings and acting accordingly. He reiterates the significance of obeying God’s law, practicing mercy, and living justly, emphasizing that such actions lead to blessings.

Biblical Connection: Jonah’s prophecy serves as a powerful reminder that God’s judgment is inevitable, but repentance can avert it. Nineveh, initially spared due to their repentance (Jonah 3), eventually faced destruction due to their continued wickedness.

Spiritual Application: We must be discerning, heeding the warnings of Scripture and the Church, and repenting of our sins. Righteous living, characterized by obedience to God’s commandments and acts of mercy, is essential for our spiritual well-being.

Tobit 14:8-11 (KJV): Go to Media, my son, for I surely believe those things which Jonah the prophet spake of Nineveh, that it shall be overthrown; and that for a time peace shall rather be in Media; and before that time came, it will be overthrown. For I know, I surely know that whatsoever he saith shall come to pass; and it shall be so. And he said, My son, take thy sons with thee; and flee; for as I did what I might at the destruction of Nineveh, and did what I might to preserve the Jews that were in captivity, so do thou also.

Tobit 14:8-11 (NKJV): Go to Media, my son, for I surely believe those things which Jonah the prophet spoke concerning Nineveh will surely come to pass. But keep the law and the commandments, and be merciful and just, so that it may be well with you.

Tobit advises Tobias to seek refuge in Media, anticipating the imminent destruction of Nineveh. He stresses the veracity of Jonah’s prophecy, highlighting the importance of faith in God’s word. He instructs Tobias to bring his family, emphasizing the responsibility to protect loved ones. He further draws a parallel between his own actions in protecting the Jews in captivity and Tobias’s duty to protect his family. This reinforces his commitment to faith and family.

Historical and Geographical Context: Media, located to the east of Assyria, was often seen as a safer region. Tobit’s advice reflects a practical understanding of the political landscape and a desire to protect his family from impending danger.

Spiritual Application: We are called to be wise and prudent, taking necessary precautions to protect ourselves and our families from harm, both physical and spiritual. Moreover, we have a responsibility to care for those around us, especially those in need.

Tobit 14:12-15 (KJV): My son, I charge thee that thou depart out of Nineveh: for that which Jonah the prophet spake shall surely come to pass. The heathen shall be converted, and they shall cease from their idols, and all that are earthly shall they cease from; and they shall worship the true God. Yea, all shall bless the Lord, and his name shall be great in all the earth.

Tobit 14:12-15 (NKJV): My son, depart from Nineveh, for what Jonah the prophet spoke will surely come to pass. But keep the law and the commandments, and be merciful and just, so that it may be well with you.

Tobit again emphasizes the need to depart from Nineveh, reinforcing the certainty of Jonah’s prophecy. He then proclaims a profound prophecy of his own: the conversion of the Gentiles and the cessation of idol worship. He foresees a time when all nations will worship the true God, a clear foreshadowing of the universal Church. This is a pivotal moment that directly connects to the Coptic Orthodox tradition. The NKJV is again unclear.

Doctrinal Significance: This passage resonates deeply with the Coptic Orthodox understanding of salvation as being offered to all people, regardless of ethnicity or background. The conversion of the Gentiles is a central theme in the New Testament and the early Church’s mission.

Spiritual Application: We are called to be witnesses of Christ to the world, sharing the Gospel with all nations and inviting them to experience the saving grace of God. This highlights the importance of missions and evangelism within the Coptic Orthodox Church.

Tobit 14:16 (KJV): They shall depart from them, and shall go into all nations.

Tobit 14:16 (NKJV): Look, therefore, at what He has done for you, and praise Him with your whole mouth. Bless the Lord and do not hide His good deeds.

This verse speaks of the scattering of peoples and their migration to different nations, perhaps a consequence of the events surrounding Nineveh’s destruction and a broader pattern of historical movements. NKJV is unclear.

Historical Context: Throughout history, migrations and displacements have played a significant role in the spread of cultures and ideas. This verse might allude to a similar process of dispersal and interaction between peoples.

Spiritual Application: Even in times of displacement and upheaval, God’s hand is at work. We must remain steadfast in our faith and seek opportunities to share the Gospel, even in unfamiliar and challenging environments.

Tobit 14:17 (KJV): A clear vision of the glory of God shall be revealed, and Jerusalem shall be rebuilt with sapphires and emeralds, and all her streets with pure gold.

Tobit 14:17 (NKJV): Now see what He has done for you, and praise Him with your whole mouth. Bless the Lord and do not hide His good deeds.

This verse presents a vivid image of the future glory of Jerusalem, rebuilt with precious stones and pure gold. This imagery symbolizes the beauty and splendor of the heavenly kingdom, where God’s presence will be fully revealed. NKJV is unclear.

Biblical Connection: The description of the new Jerusalem in Revelation 21 echoes this imagery, depicting a city of unparalleled beauty and glory, where God’s dwelling will be with humanity.

Spiritual Application: We must cultivate a longing for the heavenly Jerusalem, allowing our hope for eternal life to shape our present actions. We should strive to live in a way that reflects the beauty and holiness of God’s kingdom.

Tobit 14:18 (KJV): The walls of Jerusalem shall be built with jasper and beryl, and the towers thereof with onyx, and all the borders thereof with precious stones.

Tobit 14:18 (NKJV): O children of all my brethren, praise God, and do not withhold good from your brethren, nor be proud in your heart before your brethren.

This verse continues the description of Jerusalem’s magnificence, highlighting the precious stones used in its construction. This emphasizes the immeasurable value and beauty of the city that God is preparing for His people. NKJV is unclear.

Symbolic Interpretation: The precious stones can be interpreted as representing the virtues and graces that adorn the lives of those who dwell in God’s presence. They signify the spiritual richness and beauty that come from living in communion with God.

Spiritual Application: We are called to adorn our lives with the virtues of faith, hope, and love, becoming living stones in the building of God’s spiritual temple. This requires a conscious effort to cultivate these virtues and to allow God’s grace to transform us.

Tobit 14:19 (KJV): And all her streets shall say, Alleluia; and they shall praise him, saying, Blessed be the God which hath exalted it for ever.

Tobit 14:19 (NKJV): For if you do the truth, good will come to you and all who do the truth.

The verse culminates in a chorus of praise, with all the streets of Jerusalem resounding with “Alleluia.” This signifies the universal worship of God and the recognition of His eternal glory. It encapsulates the ultimate fulfillment of God’s promises and the joy of dwelling in His presence forever. NKJV is unclear.

Theological Significance: The word “Alleluia” (“Praise God”) is a central expression of worship in the Coptic Orthodox Church. It signifies our recognition of God’s sovereignty and our joyful participation in His eternal kingdom.

Spiritual Application: Let us join in the heavenly chorus, offering our praise and thanksgiving to God for His immeasurable blessings. Our lives should be a constant expression of worship, reflecting the joy and gratitude that fill our hearts.

Tobit 14:20 (KJV): And Tobit died at one hundred and seventeen years old; and he was buried honourably at Ecbatana in Media.

Tobit 14:20 (NKJV): Now Tobit was one hundred and two years old when he lost his eyesight, and after eight years he recovered his sight, and he lived after that seventy years; and he was full of almsdeeds, and a good conversation, and in the fear of God.

Tobit dies at the ripe old age of 117 and is buried with honor in Ecbatana, Media. This brings a sense of closure to his earthly journey, highlighting the blessings of a long life lived in faithfulness to God. NKJV repeats verse 2.

Significance: Tobit’s death is not presented as a tragedy, but as a peaceful transition to eternal life. He leaves behind a legacy of piety, charity, and unwavering faith, serving as an example for future generations.

Spiritual Application: Let us strive to live our lives in such a way that we, too, can leave behind a legacy of faith and good works. Our ultimate goal should be to die in peace, knowing that we have pleased God and that we are entering into His eternal rest.

Subtopic: The Enduring Power of Prophecy ✨

Prophecy plays a crucial role throughout the Book of Tobit, especially in chapter 14. Tobit’s confidence in the prophecies of Jonah and his own prophetic utterances regarding the future of Jerusalem highlight the power of divine revelation.

• God’s Word is Reliable: Prophecy confirms the reliability of God’s word. What God promises, He fulfills.
• Discernment is Necessary: We must be discerning, learning to distinguish true prophecy from false.
• Prophecy Offers Hope: Prophecies of restoration and salvation provide hope amidst trials.
• Prophecy Calls for Action: Tobit acted on Jonah’s prophecy, demonstrating that prophecy often requires a response.
• Prophecy Reveals God’s Plan: Prophecy unveils God’s overarching plan for humanity and the world.
• Prophecy Connects Past, Present, and Future: Prophecy links historical events with future expectations, providing a framework for understanding God’s work.

FAQ ❓

Here are some frequently asked questions about Tobit 14 and its relevance to our lives today:

Q: Why is Tobit’s emphasis on almsgiving so important?
A: Almsgiving, a central tenet of Coptic Orthodox practice, reflects God’s love and compassion for those in need. It is not merely a financial act but a spiritual discipline that cultivates empathy and selflessness. It also serves as a tangible expression of our faith.

Q: How can we apply Tobit’s warnings about Nineveh to our modern context?
A: Just as Nineveh faced destruction due to its wickedness, we must be vigilant against the sins of our own society. We should strive to live righteous lives, challenging injustice and promoting God’s kingdom values. We must be aware of sin.

Q: What does Tobit’s prophecy about the conversion of the Gentiles mean for us today?
A: This prophecy underscores the universal nature of God’s love and the call to share the Gospel with all nations. It reminds us that salvation is offered to everyone, regardless of their background or ethnicity. Therefore, we should embrace our mission field.

Q: How does the description of the new Jerusalem in Tobit 14 inspire our spiritual lives?
A: The vision of the new Jerusalem, with its splendor and beauty, inspires us to fix our eyes on the eternal hope that is promised to us. It motivates us to live in a way that reflects the holiness and glory of God’s kingdom, anticipating the day when we will dwell in His presence forever. We should always strive to be more righteous.

Conclusion ✨

Tobit 14, a fitting conclusion to this inspiring book, leaves us with a profound message of hope, faith, and the promise of restoration. Tobit’s final words, filled with prophetic insight and practical guidance, challenge us to live righteous lives, to heed God’s warnings, and to embrace the universal call to salvation. Let us emulate his example of piety, charity, and unwavering faith, trusting in God’s promises and looking forward to the fulfillment of His kingdom. Let us embody Tobit 14: The Promise Fulfilled, and let us always praise God!

Tags

Tobit, Tobit 14, Coptic Orthodox, Old Testament, Prophecy, Almsgiving, Jerusalem, Gentiles, Salvation, Faith, Hope, Restoration, Commentary, Theology, Bible

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Explore Tobit 14 with this in-depth Coptic Orthodox commentary. Discover the prophecy of Jerusalem’s restoration, the call to convert Gentiles, and the importance of Tobit 14: The Promise Fulfilled in your spiritual walk.