Showing Compassion: A Coptic Orthodox Commentary on Sirach 4

Executive Summary ✨

Sirach 4, a potent call to action, exhorts us to embody the love of Christ through practical acts of compassion towards the poor and needy. It’s more than just giving; it’s about showing genuine care, understanding the plight of the vulnerable, and acting swiftly to alleviate their suffering. This chapter reminds us that our faith is not a passive acceptance of doctrines, but a dynamic force that compels us to stand alongside those in need, offering not only material assistance but also words of comfort, protection from oppression, and unwavering support. Showing compassion is the very heartbeat of the Gospel, a reflection of God’s boundless mercy toward us. This commentary explores the historical context, Patristic interpretations, and practical applications of Sirach 4, aiming to ignite a renewed commitment to living out our faith through tangible acts of love and justice.

Sirach 4 provides profound guidance on how to live out the Christian calling to love our neighbor. It’s a practical manual for showing compassion, emphasizing the urgency of addressing the needs of the poor and vulnerable. The chapter underscores the importance of actively engaging with those suffering, offering not just material assistance but also words of encouragement, advocacy against injustice, and a listening ear. Let’s delve into this chapter, exploring its historical and spiritual context, drawing upon the wisdom of the Church Fathers, and discovering how we can apply these timeless principles in our modern world.

Commentary Sections 📖

Sirach 4:1

Original Text (Septuagint): “Υἱέ, μὴ ἀποστερήσῃς πτωχὸν ἐλεημοσύνης, καὶ μὴ ἀποστρέψῃς ὀφθαλμόν σου ἀπὸ πένητος.”

KJV: “My son, defraud not the poor of his living, and make not the needy eyes to wait long.”

NKJV: “My son, do not deprive the poor of his living, and do not keep needy eyes waiting.”

This verse immediately establishes the core theme: we are not to withhold compassion and assistance from those in need. The phrase “defraud not the poor of his living” suggests that the necessities of life are not merely privileges, but inherent rights that should not be denied. The verb “ἀποστερήσῃς” (aposterēsēs) – *to deprive* – carries a weight; it speaks to unjustly taking something that is due to someone. The imagery of “needy eyes waiting long” evokes a powerful sense of anticipation and potential disappointment. How often do we delay acts of charity, unintentionally prolonging the suffering of those who rely on our help? This delay itself becomes a form of deprivation.

Practical Application: Take immediate action when you recognize a need. Don’t postpone acts of kindness. A small donation, a word of encouragement, or a listening ear can make a significant difference in someone’s life *today*. Consider supporting reputable charities that address basic needs, and volunteer your time to serve those less fortunate. Be mindful of the subtle ways we can unintentionally “defraud” the poor, even through procrastination or indifference. Consider checking out DoHost which helps local businesses.

Sirach 4:2

Original Text (Septuagint): “Ψυχὴν πεινῶσαν μὴ παραλύσῃς, καὶ μὴ παροργίζῃς ἄνθρωπον ἐν τῇ ἐνδείᾳ αὐτοῦ.”

KJV: “Make not an hungry soul sorrowful, neither provoke a man in his distress.”

NKJV: “Do not grieve a hungry soul, nor exasperate a man in his need.”

Here, the instruction goes beyond merely providing physical sustenance. It emphasizes the importance of treating the hungry and needy with dignity and respect. The phrase “ψυχὴν πεινῶσαν μὴ παραλύσῃς” (psychēn peinōsan mē paralysēs) — “Do not discourage a hungry soul”— speaks to the emotional and spiritual impact of poverty. To “παροργίζῃς ἄνθρωπον” (parorgizēs anthrōpon) – *provoke a man to anger* – highlights the potential for bitterness and resentment when a person’s needs are ignored or treated dismissively. St. Basil the Great, in his homilies on wealth and poverty, powerfully argues that we are merely stewards of God’s resources and must share generously with those in need, lest we incur God’s wrath. As he says, *“τὰ πλεονάζοντα ἡμῖν, ἐκείνων εἰσὶν οἱ ἐνδεεῖς.”* (*ta pleonazonta hemin, ekeinōn eisin hoi endeeis.*) “What you possess in superfluity belongs to those who are in need.” (St. Basil, Homily 6 on Luke 12:18, PG 31:277).

Practical Application: Approach those in need with empathy and humility. Avoid condescending language or actions that might further demean them. Recognize that poverty is often accompanied by emotional and spiritual burdens. Offer words of encouragement and support, and treat everyone with the dignity they deserve as children of God. Be mindful of your tone and attitude when interacting with those asking for assistance. A kind word can be as valuable as a meal.

Sirach 4:3

Original Text (Septuagint): “Καρδίαν τεταραγμένην μὴ ἀπόρριψον, καὶ μὴ ἀρνήσῃ δόσιν τῷ δεομένῳ.”

KJV: “Afflict not the heart of the sorrowful, and defer not to give to him that is in necessity.”

NKJV: “Do not reject the supplication of one who is troubled, nor turn away your face from one in need.”

This verse builds on the previous one, stressing the importance of offering comfort and support to those who are suffering emotionally. The “ταρασσόμενον” (tarassomenon) – *troubled heart* – speaks to the inner turmoil that often accompanies poverty and hardship. To “ἀρνήσῃ δόσιν τῷ δεομένῳ” (arnēsē dosin tō deomenō) – *deny a gift to the one in need* – is to turn away from a direct request for help. The Church Fathers emphasized that our actions toward the needy are, in essence, actions toward Christ Himself (Matthew 25:40). St. John Chrysostom constantly reminded his flock to visit the sick, feed the hungry, and clothe the naked, seeing Christ in each person. Neglecting those in distress is equivalent to rejecting Christ. *“Οὐκ ἐᾷ σε ὁ Χριστὸς ἀποστρέψαι τὸ πρόσωπον ἀπὸ τῶν δεομένων.”* (*Ouk ea se ho Christos apostrepsai to prosōpon apo tōn deomenōn.*) “Christ does not allow you to turn your face away from those in need.” (St. John Chrysostom, Homily 20 on Matthew, PG 57:288).

Practical Application: Be attentive to the emotional needs of those around you. Offer a listening ear, a comforting word, or a shoulder to cry on. Don’t dismiss their pain or minimize their struggles. When someone asks for help, respond promptly and generously, if possible. Even if you cannot provide material assistance, offer your support and prayers. Don’t be afraid to get involved in someone’s life; sometimes, just knowing someone cares can make a world of difference.

Sirach 4:4

Original Text (Septuagint): “Μὴ ἀπέστρεψον ὀφθαλμὸν ἀπὸ προσώπου πτωχοῦ, καὶ μὴ δῷς ἀφορμὴν καταρᾶσθαί σε.”

KJV: “Turn not away thy face from the poor, and give him none occasion to curse thee:”

NKJV: “Do not turn away your eye from the poor, and do not give him reason to curse you;”

This verse cautions against indifference and emphasizes the potential consequences of neglecting the poor. To “ἀπέστρεψον ὀφθαλμὸν ἀπὸ προσώπου πτωχοῦ” (apestrepson ophthalmòn apo prosōpou ptōchou) – *turn away your eye from the face of the poor* – is to deliberately ignore their plight. The phrase “μὴ δῷς ἀφορμὴν καταρᾶσθαί σε” (mē dōs aphormēn katarasthai se) – *do not give him a reason to curse you* – suggests that neglect can lead to bitterness and resentment, potentially invoking a curse upon the one who refuses to help. While we understand that curses have no power over those who trust in Christ, the verse highlights the spiritual danger of causing another person to feel abandoned and hopeless. Furthermore, James 2:15-16 reminds us: “If a brother or sister is poorly clothed and lacking in daily food, and one of you says to them, “Go in peace, be warmed and filled,” without giving them the things needed for the body, what good is that?”.

Practical Application: Make a conscious effort to be aware of the needs of those around you. Don’t avoid the poor or pretend that their suffering doesn’t exist. Acknowledge their humanity and treat them with respect, even if you cannot provide material assistance. Be mindful of the power of your words and actions, and strive to create a culture of compassion and support. Engage with your local community, seeking opportunities to uplift and empower those facing hardship.

Sirach 4:5

Original Text (Septuagint): “Εἰ γὰρ κατάραται σε ἐν πικρίᾳ ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ, ἐπακούσεται τῆς δεήσεως αὐτοῦ ὁ ποιήσας αὐτόν.”

KJV: “For if he curse thee in the bitterness of his soul, his prayer shall be heard of him that made him.”

NKJV: “For if he curses you in the bitterness of his soul, his Creator will hear his prayer.”

This verse reinforces the seriousness of neglecting the poor. The phrase “ἐν πικρίᾳ ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ” (en pikria psychēs autou) – *in the bitterness of his soul* – emphasizes the depth of despair and resentment that can result from prolonged suffering. The statement “ἐπακούσεται τῆς δεήσεως αὐτοῦ ὁ ποιήσας αὐτόν” (epakousetai tēs deēseōs autou ho poiēsas auton) – *his Creator will hear his prayer* – underscores God’s unwavering care for the vulnerable and His readiness to respond to their cries for help. This isn’t necessarily suggesting a vindictive God but a God who hears the cries of His children and will hold us accountable for how we treat them. As it says in Proverbs 21:13, “Whoever shuts his ears to the cry of the poor will also cry himself and not be heard.”

Practical Application: Approach acts of charity with a sense of reverence and humility, recognizing that you are serving Christ Himself (Matthew 25:40). Be mindful of the spiritual implications of your actions, both positive and negative. Pray for those in need and ask for God’s guidance in how best to serve them. Remember that even small acts of kindness can have a profound impact on someone’s life and can bring you closer to God.

Sirach 4:6-10: Wisdom and Righteous Advocacy

These verses shift the focus to the importance of wisdom, justice, and advocacy for the oppressed. The passage speaks of defending the fatherless, protecting the vulnerable, and speaking truth to power. It emphasizes that true righteousness involves not only personal piety but also a commitment to social justice. Wisdom here is not merely intellectual knowledge, but a practical understanding of how to live righteously in the world, advocating for those who cannot advocate for themselves.

Key Reflections:

• Speak up for the voiceless: Be an advocate for those who are marginalized and oppressed. Use your voice to challenge injustice and inequality.
• Defend the vulnerable: Protect those who are unable to protect themselves, such as children, the elderly, and the disabled.
• Seek justice for the wronged: Work to ensure that everyone is treated fairly and that justice is served.
• Embrace wisdom: Cultivate a deeper understanding of God’s will and strive to live righteously in all aspects of your life.
• Be courageous: Don’t be afraid to stand up for what is right, even when it is difficult or unpopular.

FAQ ❓

Q: Why does Sirach emphasize the urgency of helping the poor?
A: The urgency stems from the recognition that delaying assistance prolongs suffering and can lead to resentment. Furthermore, the needs are often immediate and critical. Delaying assistance can have dire consequences for those who are already struggling.

Q: How can I balance my own financial needs with the call to give to the poor?
A: Giving to the poor is not about impoverishing yourself but about sharing what you have with generosity and wisdom. Prioritize your own basic needs and responsibilities, then prayerfully consider how much you can give to support those in need. God often blesses those who give generously.

Q: What if I don’t have money to give?
A: Financial resources are not the only way to help. You can offer your time, skills, or simply a listening ear. Volunteering, mentoring, or advocating for the poor are all valuable ways to make a difference.

Conclusion ✨

Showing compassion, as emphasized in Sirach 4, is not merely a suggestion; it is a fundamental aspect of our Christian faith. It is a direct response to the love and mercy we have received from God. It requires us to actively engage with the suffering of others, offering not just material assistance but also words of comfort, protection from injustice, and unwavering support. The chapter challenges us to examine our hearts and actions, ensuring that we are not turning a blind eye to the needs of those around us. By embracing the principles of Sirach 4, we can transform our lives and communities, reflecting the love of Christ in tangible and meaningful ways. Remember: By showing compassion to others, we are showing compassion to Christ. This is the essence of true discipleship. May we all strive to live out this calling with generosity, humility, and unwavering commitment.

Tags

poverty, compassion, charity, Coptic Orthodox, social justice, Sirach 4, almsgiving, mercy, needy, vulnerable

Meta Description

Explore a Coptic Orthodox commentary on Sirach 4: Duties to the Poor and Needy. Learn how showing compassion embodies Christian love through practical acts of kindness and justice.