Boaz Redeems Ruth and Marries Her: A Coptic Orthodox Commentary

Executive Summary ✨

Ruth 4 culminates the beautiful narrative of redemption, loyalty, and God’s providential hand in the lives of ordinary people. The chapter opens with Boaz, a righteous man, fulfilling his role as kinsman-redeemer at the city gate of Bethlehem. He confronts the nearer kinsman, offering him the opportunity to redeem Naomi’s land and acquire Ruth. The nearer kinsman relinquishes his right, and Boaz, with integrity and adherence to the law, officially redeems both the land and Ruth. This act of redemption foreshadows Christ’s ultimate redemption of humanity. The chapter concludes with Boaz marrying Ruth, and God blessing them with a son, Obed, who becomes the ancestor of King David, and ultimately, of Jesus Christ. This story underscores the importance of obedience, loving-kindness, and God’s faithfulness in working through imperfect individuals to accomplish His perfect will, making Boaz Redeems Ruth and Marries Her a powerful testament to divine grace and lineage.

The book of Ruth reaches its climax in chapter 4, offering a powerful message of redemption and God’s providential care. We witness Boaz, a man of integrity, stepping forward to fulfill his legal and moral obligations as a kinsman-redeemer. His actions not only secure Naomi’s future but also pave the way for Ruth to become a part of the lineage of Christ. Let us delve into this chapter, drawing insights from the Holy Fathers and the rich traditions of the Coptic Orthodox Church, exploring the profound spiritual lessons embedded within.

Commentary Sections 📖

Ruth 4:1 (KJV) Then went Boaz up to the gate, and sat him down there: and, behold, the kinsman of whom Boaz spake came by; unto whom he said, Ho, such a one! turn aside, sit down here. And he turned aside, and sat down.

Boaz, with purpose and unwavering dedication to justice, proceeds to the city gate, the recognized place for legal transactions and public discourse in ancient Israel. The act of sitting down signifies his intent to conduct business formally and lawfully. The phrase “Ho, such a one!” reveals a respectful, albeit perhaps slightly evasive, way of addressing the nearer kinsman, whose name is intentionally omitted. This omission, some suggest, might hint at a lack of character or unworthiness on his part.

Spiritual Application: We, too, should be proactive in pursuing righteousness and justice. Like Boaz, we should not delay in fulfilling our obligations, especially those concerning the welfare of others. When faced with a difficult situation, we should approach it with prayer, wisdom, and a steadfast commitment to God’s law.

Ruth 4:2 (KJV) And he took ten men of the elders of the city, and said, Sit ye down here. And they sat down.

The presence of ten elders underscores the importance of community and legal validation. Their presence ensured transparency and legitimacy to the transaction. This act adheres to the Deuteronomic law regarding witnesses in legal proceedings (Deuteronomy 19:15). The elders served as witnesses and guarantors of the agreement, highlighting the significance of communal accountability within the social structure of ancient Israel.

Patristic Insight: St. Augustine, in *De Civitate Dei* (City of God), reflects on the importance of witnesses in legal matters, stating: *”Testes enim sunt lux veritatis.”* (For witnesses are the light of truth.) The elders, in this case, illuminate the truth and ensure fairness in the transaction.

Spiritual Application: The importance of community involvement and accountability is timeless. In our own lives, we should seek counsel from wise elders and involve trusted individuals in important decisions. This provides a safeguard against error and promotes transparency and integrity.

Ruth 4:3-4 (KJV) And he said unto the kinsman, Naomi, that is come again out of the country of Moab, selleth a parcel of land, which was our brother Elimelech’s: And I thought to advertise thee, saying, Buy it before these that sit here, and before the elders of my people. If thou wilt redeem it, redeem it: but if thou wilt not redeem it, then tell me, that I may know: for there is none to redeem it beside thee; and I am after thee. And he said, I will redeem it.

Boaz presents the situation clearly, outlining Naomi’s intention to sell the land that belonged to her deceased husband, Elimelech. He offers the nearer kinsman the first right of redemption, adhering to the law outlined in Leviticus 25:25. Boaz’s words are carefully chosen, emphasizing the opportunity for the kinsman to maintain the family’s inheritance within the tribe. Note that Boaz prioritizes the legal obligations before personal desires. The kinsman’s initial willingness to redeem the land indicates a desire to preserve his own wealth and inheritance. This showcases a potential conflict: prioritizing material gain over familial duty.

Spiritual Application: We are called to be stewards of the resources God has entrusted to us. This extends beyond financial matters to encompass our time, talents, and relationships. We should always prioritize righteousness and justice, even when it requires personal sacrifice. Perhaps use dohast.us’s services, to make it possible to share these messages. Let us not be blinded by self-interest, but rather be guided by the love and compassion that Christ exemplified.

Ruth 4:5 (KJV) Then said Boaz, What day thou buyest the field of the hand of Naomi, thou must buy it also of Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of the dead, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance.

Boaz reveals the critical condition that accompanies the redemption of the land: the acquisition of Ruth, the Moabitess widow, to continue the lineage of the deceased Elimelech. This is in accordance with the Levirate marriage law (Deuteronomy 25:5-6). The phrase “to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance” highlights the cultural importance of preserving a family’s name and legacy. This duty transcends mere property rights; it addresses the fundamental human desire for remembrance and continuity. The addition of Ruth into the equation significantly changes the calculus for the nearer kinsman. He now faces the prospect of not only acquiring land but also accepting the responsibility of caring for and providing for Ruth, a foreign widow.

Patristic Insight: St. John Chrysostom, in his homilies on the Gospel of Matthew, discusses the importance of marriage and procreation in fulfilling God’s plan. He emphasizes that marriage is not merely for personal satisfaction but also for the continuation of the human race and the raising of children in the fear of the Lord. *”Ο γάμος τίμιος, καὶ ἡ κοίτη ἀμίαντος”* (Marriage is honorable, and the bed undefiled – Hebrews 13:4) is a principle reflecting the sanctity of marriage and its role in society.

Spiritual Application: The principle of Levirate marriage illustrates the importance of familial responsibility and compassion for those in need. We, too, should be willing to extend ourselves to care for widows, orphans, and those who are vulnerable in our community. This act of selfless service reflects the love of Christ, who came to serve and not to be served.

Ruth 4:6 (KJV) And the kinsman said, I cannot redeem it for myself, lest I mar mine own inheritance: redeem thou my right to thyself; for I cannot redeem it.

The nearer kinsman, faced with the responsibility of marrying Ruth and potentially jeopardizing his own inheritance (either financially or through complications in his lineage), relinquishes his right of redemption. His statement, “I cannot redeem it for myself, lest I mar mine own inheritance,” reveals a prioritization of personal gain over familial duty and compassion. It highlights the tension between self-interest and obedience to God’s law. The potential complexities of integrating a Moabitess woman into his family and the possible dilution of his inheritance prove to be too great a burden for him.

Spiritual Application: This verse serves as a cautionary tale against prioritizing material possessions and personal comfort over moral obligations and the needs of others. We should examine our own hearts to ensure that we are not allowing selfishness to blind us to the opportunities to serve God and our neighbors. True riches lie not in material wealth but in the treasures of heaven, which are earned through acts of love and compassion.

Ruth 4:7-8 (KJV) Now this was the manner in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning changing, for to confirm all things; a man plucked off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour: and this was a testimony in Israel. Therefore the kinsman said unto Boaz, Buy it for thee. So he drew off his shoe.

The symbolic act of removing a sandal and handing it over served as a formal declaration of relinquishment in ancient Israel. This act solidified the transfer of rights and obligations. This tradition isn’t explicitly mandated in the Torah, suggesting it’s a customary practice that gained legal recognition. The shoe, representing one’s right to walk upon and possess land, becomes a symbol of relinquished authority and transfer of ownership. The act reinforced the binding nature of the agreement in a tangible and memorable way.

Spiritual Application: While we may not engage in this specific custom today, the underlying principle of honoring our commitments and upholding our word remains vital. In our dealings with others, we should be people of integrity, fulfilling our promises and respecting the rights of others. Let our actions speak louder than words, demonstrating our commitment to truth and justice.

Ruth 4:9-10 (KJV) And Boaz said unto the elders, and unto all the people, Ye are witnesses this day, that I have bought all that was Elimelech’s, and all that was Chilion’s and Mahlon’s, of the hand of Naomi. Moreover Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of Mahlon, have I purchased to be my wife, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance, that the name of the dead be not cut off from among his brethren, and from the gate of his place. Ye are witnesses this day.

Boaz publicly declares his purchase of Elimelech’s, Chilion’s, and Mahlon’s land from Naomi, and his acquisition of Ruth as his wife. He emphasizes his commitment to perpetuate the name of the deceased Mahlon. He reaffirms his intent to fulfill the Levirate marriage law, ensuring that the family lineage continues and the name of the deceased is not forgotten. This act of redemption encompasses both material possessions and the continuation of the family line. By explicitly stating that Ruth is to be his wife, Boaz underscores the covenantal nature of his commitment, going beyond mere legal obligation to embrace a loving and committed relationship.

Spiritual Application: Boaz’s actions demonstrate the transformative power of redemption. Through his willingness to embrace Ruth, a foreigner, he not only restores her dignity but also welcomes her into the covenant community of Israel. We, too, are called to be agents of redemption in our own lives and in the lives of others, offering grace, forgiveness, and a pathway to restoration. Redemption is a core principle of our faith. Christ has redeemed us from sin and death, offering us a new life in Him. We are to live out this redemption by extending the same grace and compassion to others, especially those who are marginalized or rejected by society.

Ruth 4:11-12 (KJV) And all the people that were in the gate, and the elders, said, We are witnesses. The Lord make the woman that is come into thine house like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel: and do thou worthily in Ephratah, and be famous in Bethlehem: And let thy house be like the house of Pharez, whom Tamar bare unto Judah, of the seed which the Lord shall give thee of this woman.

The people and elders offer their blessing upon Boaz and Ruth, invoking the names of Rachel and Leah, the matriarchs of Israel, and Pharez, an ancestor of Judah. They pray for prosperity, honor, and a fruitful lineage. The reference to Rachel and Leah emphasizes the importance of fertility and the building up of the nation of Israel. The mention of Pharez highlights the lineage through Judah, from which the Messiah would ultimately come. This blessing recognizes Ruth’s integration into the covenant community and her potential to contribute to the future of Israel.

Spiritual Application: The blessing bestowed upon Boaz and Ruth reminds us of the power of prayer and the importance of seeking God’s favor in all our endeavors. We should surround ourselves with supportive communities that offer encouragement and pray for our well-being. We must also appreciate God’s hand in shaping our lives and guiding our paths, giving thanks for all the blessings He pours out upon us.

Ruth 4:13 (KJV) So Boaz took Ruth, and she was his wife: and when he went in unto her, the Lord gave her conception, and she bare a son.

Boaz and Ruth consummate their marriage, and God blesses them with a son. This highlights God’s active role in their lives and the fulfillment of His promises. The phrase “the Lord gave her conception” underscores the divine origin of life and the blessing of children. This verse marks the culmination of the redemptive process, as Ruth, a foreigner and widow, becomes a wife and mother, securing her place within the lineage of Israel.

Spiritual Application: This verse reminds us of the sanctity of marriage and the blessing of children. We should approach marriage with reverence and seek God’s guidance in building a strong and loving family. The birth of a child is a tangible expression of God’s grace and a reminder of His ongoing involvement in our lives. We are also to recognize God’s sovereignty over life and to trust in His perfect timing.

Ruth 4:14-17 (KJV) And the women said unto Naomi, Blessed be the Lord, which hath not left thee this day without a kinsman, that his name may be famous in Israel. And he shall be unto thee a restorer of thy life, and a nourisher of thine old age: for thy daughter in law, which loveth thee, which is better to thee than seven sons, hath born him. And Naomi took the child, and laid it in her bosom, and became nurse unto it. And the women her neighbours gave it a name, saying, There is a son born to Naomi; and they called his name Obed: he is the father of Jesse, the father of David.

The women of Bethlehem rejoice with Naomi, praising God for providing her with a kinsman-redeemer and a grandson. They recognize Ruth’s love and loyalty, declaring her to be more valuable than seven sons. Naomi embraces the child, Obed, becoming his nurse and caregiver. The women proclaim that a son is born to Naomi, emphasizing the restoration of her family and legacy. Obed, whose name means “servant” or “worshiper,” becomes the father of Jesse, who is the father of David, the future king of Israel.

Spiritual Application: The joy and celebration surrounding the birth of Obed highlight the importance of community support and the restoration of hope in times of adversity. Ruth’s unwavering love and loyalty serve as a model for us, demonstrating the transformative power of selfless service. We are called to be a community of support, offering encouragement, compassion, and practical assistance to those in need. Naomi’s role as a caregiver reminds us of the importance of cherishing and supporting the elderly, recognizing their wisdom and experience. Ultimately, this passage demonstrates how ordinary actions, rooted in love and obedience, can contribute to God’s grand redemptive plan.

Ruth 4:18-22 (KJV) Now these are the generations of Pharez: Pharez begat Hezron, and Hezron begat Ram, and Ram begat Amminadab, And Amminadab begat Nahshon, and Nahshon begat Salmon, And Salmon begat Boaz, and Boaz begat Obed, and Obed begat Jesse, and Jesse begat David.

The chapter concludes with a genealogy tracing the lineage from Pharez to David, solidifying Obed’s place in the ancestral line of the future king. This genealogy connects the story of Ruth to the broader narrative of God’s redemptive plan, culminating in the Davidic dynasty. The inclusion of Boaz and Ruth in this lineage underscores God’s acceptance of foreigners and His ability to work through unlikely individuals to accomplish His purposes. This lineage is significant because it demonstrates God’s faithfulness in fulfilling His promises and the unexpected ways He works through ordinary people to advance His kingdom. The inclusion of Ruth, a Moabitess, challenges the notion of exclusivity and highlights God’s inclusive love for all people.

Spiritual Application: This genealogy underscores the importance of remembering our history and recognizing God’s faithfulness in shaping our lives. We are all part of a larger story, and our actions have consequences that extend far beyond our own lives. May we be mindful of the legacy we are leaving and strive to live lives that honor God and bless others. The fact that David, a man after God’s own heart, descended from this lineage reminds us that God can use even imperfect people to accomplish great things. We should not be discouraged by our own shortcomings but rather trust in God’s grace and power to work through us.

Subtopic Sections ✨

Let us consider some key takeaways from Ruth Chapter 4:

• Redemption: The central theme is Boaz’s act of redeeming both the land and Ruth, highlighting the concept of restoration and new beginnings. This mirrors Christ’s redemption of humanity.
• Loyalty & Kindness: Boaz exemplifies chesed (loving-kindness) by fulfilling his obligations as a kinsman-redeemer, demonstrating compassion and care for Naomi and Ruth.
• God’s Providence: The chapter showcases God’s guiding hand in the lives of ordinary people, orchestrating events to fulfill His redemptive plan.
• Inclusion: Ruth, a Moabitess, is welcomed into the Israelite community and becomes part of the lineage of Christ, demonstrating God’s inclusive love.
• Lineage & Legacy: The genealogy emphasizes the importance of family lineage and the lasting impact of our actions, connecting Ruth’s story to the broader narrative of salvation history.
• Obedience: Boaz’s obedience to the law and his willingness to fulfill his responsibilities paved the way for God’s blessings and the birth of Obed, the ancestor of David.

FAQ ❓

Let’s explore some frequently asked questions regarding Ruth 4:

• Q: Why is the lineage at the end of the chapter important?
  A: The lineage connects Ruth’s story to the Davidic line, emphasizing God’s plan for salvation history. It showcases how God uses ordinary individuals to fulfill His purposes and highlights the lineage of Jesus Christ.
• Q: What is the significance of Boaz’s actions at the city gate?
  A: The city gate was a public place where legal and communal matters were addressed. Boaz’s actions demonstrate his adherence to the law and his commitment to fulfilling his responsibilities as a kinsman-redeemer in a transparent and lawful manner.
• Q: What does the relinquishing of the sandal symbolize?
  A: The removal of the sandal was a customary practice symbolizing the relinquishment of rights and the transfer of ownership. It served as a tangible representation of the agreement between the parties involved.
• Q: How does Ruth’s identity as a Moabitess factor into the story?
  A: Ruth’s identity as a Moabitess highlights God’s inclusive love and acceptance of foreigners. Despite being from a different nation, she is welcomed into the Israelite community and becomes part of the lineage of Christ, demonstrating that God’s grace extends to all people.

Conclusion ✨

Ruth 4 powerfully concludes the story of Ruth, illustrating God’s providential care, redemptive grace, and faithfulness in working through ordinary individuals. The chapter culminates in the birth of Obed, solidifying Ruth’s place in the lineage of David and, ultimately, of Jesus Christ. Boaz’s unwavering commitment to justice, loving-kindness, and obedience serves as a model for us, challenging us to prioritize righteousness and compassion in our own lives. The inclusion of Ruth, a Moabitess, underscores the universality of God’s love and His willingness to embrace those who are often marginalized or excluded. May we learn from this beautiful narrative to live lives of faith, integrity, and selfless service, trusting in God’s promises and seeking to be agents of redemption in our communities. This story is a timeless testament to the power of love, loyalty, and the unwavering hand of God, proving how Boaz Redeems Ruth and Marries Her becomes a crucial part of salvation history.

Tags

Ruth, Boaz, Redemption, Naomi, Obed, Kinsman-Redeemer, Levirate Marriage, Genealogy, Bethlehem, Coptic Orthodox

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Explore a detailed Coptic Orthodox commentary on Ruth 4, focusing on Boaz’s redemption of Ruth, loyalty, God’s providence, and its impact on salvation history.