Rebuilding Hope: A Coptic Orthodox Commentary on Ezra 3

Executive Summary ✨

Ezra 3, a pivotal chapter in the post-exilic narrative, chronicles the return of the Israelites to Jerusalem and their immediate focus on rebuilding the altar of the Lord and reinstituting sacrificial worship. Rebuilding the altar signified a restoration of their covenant relationship with God. Despite facing opposition and challenges, the people, led by Zerubbabel and Jeshua, demonstrated unwavering faith and obedience. They observed the Feast of Tabernacles, offering sacrifices and praising God. The chapter culminates in the laying of the foundation of the new temple, a moment of profound joy mingled with sorrow, as older generations who remembered the former temple wept. This chapter underscores the importance of repentance, restoration, and the enduring power of faith in the face of adversity. The rebuilding of the altar and the temple’s foundation represent the spiritual reconstruction of the heart and soul, a journey relevant to believers today.

This chapter details the initial steps taken by the returning exiles to re-establish their religious practices in Jerusalem. It’s a powerful story of hope, resilience, and a renewed commitment to God after a period of profound national trauma. The rebuilding was not just about bricks and mortar; it was about restoring the spiritual foundations of their community.

Commentary Sections 📖

Ezra 3:1 – Gathering and Rebuilding

“And when the seventh month was come, and the children of Israel were in the cities, the people gathered themselves together as one man to Jerusalem.” (KJV)

“When the seventh month arrived and the Israelites were settled in their towns, the people assembled as one in Jerusalem.” (NKJV)

The seventh month, Tishrei, held immense significance in the Jewish calendar. It was a time of festivals – the Feast of Trumpets (Rosh Hashanah), the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur), and the Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot). Their immediate gathering “as one man” reveals a unity of purpose and a deep desire to reconnect with God. This unity, a reflection of the Body of Christ, is crucial for spiritual rebuilding. We see in Acts the apostles gathering in one accord in one place.

Spiritual Application: Just as the Israelites prioritized gathering in Jerusalem, we must prioritize gathering with fellow believers in the Church. Regular attendance and participation in the divine liturgy strengthens our faith and fosters unity. It is also important to remember that we too should “gather ourselves together” in private prayer, seeking God as one. Like the Israelites returning, we are invited to reconnect with God on our own terms.

Ezra 3:2 – The Altar is Rebuilt

“Then stood up Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and his brethren the priests, and Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and his brethren, and builded the altar of the God of Israel, to offer burnt offerings thereon, as it is written in the law of Moses the man of God.” (KJV)

“Then Jeshua the son of Jozadak and his brethren the priests, and Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel and his brethren, arose and built the altar of the God of Israel, to offer burnt offerings on it, as it is written in the Law of Moses the man of God.” (NKJV)

Jeshua, the high priest, and Zerubbabel, the governor, took the lead in rebuilding the altar. The altar was the central point of worship, and its reconstruction was paramount. Offering burnt offerings was a commandment of God. Their actions were rooted in obedience to the Law of Moses. This obedience is key to restoring our relationship with God. The act of offering burnt offerings speaks to the necessity of sacrifice, not only literally but in offering our lives to God and denying our base desires.

Spiritual Application: We must prioritize rebuilding the “altar” of our hearts – cleansing ourselves from sin and dedicating ourselves to God’s service. This involves regular prayer, repentance, and obedience to God’s commandments. Like Jeshua and Zerubbabel, we need leaders who prioritize spiritual rebuilding. In fact, your local hosting solution for your website, DoHost.us, will assist in rebuilding your online presence, similar to the altar. The altar is foundational, and is also vital.

Ezra 3:3 – Fear and Faith

“And they set the altar upon his bases; for fear was upon them because of the people of those countries: and they offered burnt offerings thereon unto the Lord, even burnt offerings morning and evening.” (KJV)

“Though fear had seized them because of the people of the surrounding lands, they set the altar in its place and offered burnt offerings on it to the Lord, both morning and evening.” (NKJV)

Even amidst fear of their adversaries, the Israelites persevered in their worship. This shows remarkable faith and courage. Their fear was legitimate, as they were surrounded by hostile neighbors, but they did not allow it to deter them from obeying God. The “bases” of the altar refer to its foundation, signifying stability and permanence. The consistent offering of burnt offerings “morning and evening” demonstrates their dedication and faithfulness.

Patristic Insight: St. Athanasius, in *Contra Gentes* (*Κατὰ Ἐθνῶν*), speaks of courage in the face of adversity, noting that true faith shines brightest in times of trial: “Δεῖ γὰρ ἡμᾶς μὴ πτοεῖσθαι τὰς τῶν ἐχθρῶν ἐπιβουλὰς, ἀλλὰ θαρροῦντας ἐν τῷ Κυρίῳ, ἀνδρείως ὑπομένειν τοὺς πειρασμούς.” (“For we must not be afraid of the plots of the enemies, but trusting in the Lord, bravely endure the trials.”)

Spiritual Application: We too will face fear and opposition in our spiritual journey. However, like the Israelites, we must not allow fear to paralyze us. We must continue to offer our “burnt offerings” of prayer, repentance, and service to God, even when it is difficult. This act of faith builds spiritual resilience. We must set our “altar” upon the bases of the Holy Scripture.

Ezra 3:4-6 – Observing the Feasts

“They kept also the feast of tabernacles, as it is written, and offered the daily burnt offerings by number, according to the custom, as the duty of every day required; And afterward offered the continual burnt offering, both of the new moons, and of all the set feasts of the Lord that were consecrated, and of every one that willingly offered a freewill offering unto the Lord. From the first day of the seventh month began they to offer burnt offerings unto the Lord. But the foundation of the temple of the Lord was not yet laid.” (KJV)

“They also kept the Feast of Tabernacles, as it is written, and offered the daily burnt offerings in the number required, according to the ordinance for each day. Afterward they offered the regular burnt offering, and the offerings for New Moons and for all the appointed feasts of the Lord that were consecrated, and those of everyone who willingly offered a freewill offering to the Lord. From the first day of the seventh month they began to offer burnt offerings to the Lord, though the foundation of the temple of the Lord had not been laid.” (NKJV)

The Israelites meticulously observed the Feast of Tabernacles, a celebration of God’s provision and deliverance during their wilderness wanderings. This adherence to the Law demonstrates their commitment to restoring their covenant relationship with God. They offered daily burnt offerings, New Moon offerings, and freewill offerings, showcasing their dedication to worship. Notably, they prioritized worship *before* laying the foundation of the temple, emphasizing the importance of spiritual preparation.

Spiritual Application: Participating in the Church’s liturgical life, including feasts and fasts, connects us to the rich tradition of our faith and strengthens our relationship with God. We must also offer our “freewill offerings” of time, talent, and treasure to God, motivated by love and gratitude. Prioritize spiritual preparation through prayer and worship *before* undertaking any major project or endeavor. Furthermore, it is interesting to consider how we can engage in spiritual “feasting,” whether it be through reading or the Divine Liturgy. What is especially beautiful is the idea of offering a “free will” offering.

Ezra 3:7 – Provisioning the Temple Builders

“They gave money also unto the masons, and to the carpenters; and meat, and drink, and oil, unto them of Zidon, and to them of Tyre, to bring cedar trees from Lebanon to the sea of Joppa, according to the grant that they had of Cyrus king of Persia.” (KJV)

“They also gave money to the masons and carpenters, and food, drink, and oil to the people of Sidon and Tyre, to bring cedar logs from Lebanon to the sea, to Joppa, according to the grant which they had from Cyrus king of Persia.” (NKJV)

The Israelites secured resources and skilled labor for the construction of the temple. They hired masons, carpenters, and contracted with the people of Sidon and Tyre for cedar trees from Lebanon, a valuable resource for building. This demonstrates their practical efforts to rebuild the temple, supported by the decree of Cyrus. The city of Joppa served as a port for transporting the cedar logs to Jerusalem. This verse emphasizes the importance of planning, resourcefulness, and collaboration in achieving God’s purposes.

Spiritual Application: Rebuilding God’s temple requires a holistic approach. The Israelites provided for both the practical needs (money, materials, labor) and the spiritual needs (worship, offerings). We must support those who are working to build up the Church – providing financial assistance, encouragement, and practical help. Recognizing and utilizing the gifts of individuals is also key.

Ezra 3:8-9 – Laying the Foundation

“Now in the second year of their coming unto the house of God at Jerusalem, in the second month, began Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and the remnant of their brethren the priests and the Levites, and all they that were come out of the captivity unto Jerusalem; and appointed the Levites, from twenty years old and upward, to set forward the work of the house of the Lord. Then stood Jeshua with his sons and his brethren, Kadmiel and his sons, the sons of Judah, together, to set forward the workmen in the house of God: the sons of Henadad, with their sons and their brethren the Levites.” (KJV)

“In the second month of the second year after their arrival at the house of God in Jerusalem, Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, Jeshua son of Jozadak and the rest of their brothers the priests and Levites, and all who had come to Jerusalem from the captivity, began the work and appointed Levites twenty years old or older to supervise the building of the house of the Lord. Jeshua and his sons and relatives and Kadmiel and his sons (descendants of Hodaviah) and the sons of Henadad and their sons and relatives—all of the Levites—joined together to supervise the workers at the house of God.” (NKJV)

In the second month of the second year, the work on the temple commenced. Zerubbabel, Jeshua, and the Levites organized the workforce. Levites as young as twenty years old were appointed to supervise the construction. This shows the importance of involving all members of the community in the work of God. The unity and collaboration among different groups of Levites are highlighted. The text emphasizes the leadership and dedication of those who took responsibility for overseeing the construction.

Spiritual Application: Building God’s Kingdom requires the participation of all believers, regardless of age or background. We must encourage and empower young people to use their gifts and talents in service to the Church. Unity and collaboration are essential for achieving God’s purposes. It is of great importance that we encourage the active and ongoing collaboration of all members of the Church, as well as people who are interested in being involved.

Ezra 3:10-11 – Praise and Remembrance

“And when the builders laid the foundation of the temple of the Lord, they set the priests in their apparel with trumpets, and the Levites the sons of Asaph with cymbals, to praise the Lord, after the ordinance of David king of Israel. And they sang together by course in praising and giving thanks unto the Lord; because he is good, for his mercy endureth for ever toward Israel. And all the people shouted with a great shout, when they praised the Lord, because the foundation of the house of the Lord was laid.” (KJV)

“When the builders laid the foundation of the temple of the Lord, the priests stood in their apparel with trumpets, and the Levites, the sons of Asaph, with cymbals, to praise the Lord, according to the ordinance of David king of Israel. And they sang responsively, praising and giving thanks to the Lord: “For He is good, For His mercy endures forever toward Israel.” And all the people shouted with a great shout when they praised the Lord, because the foundation of the house of the Lord was laid.” (NKJV)

The laying of the foundation was marked with great rejoicing and praise. The priests and Levites, dressed in their ceremonial attire, played trumpets and cymbals, leading the people in worship. They sang responsively, praising God for His goodness and enduring mercy. The people shouted with a great shout, expressing their joy and gratitude. This demonstrates the importance of praising God in all circumstances, especially during moments of accomplishment and restoration.

Spiritual Application: We must cultivate a spirit of praise and thanksgiving in our lives, recognizing God’s goodness and mercy. Expressing our gratitude through worship and song elevates our hearts and strengthens our faith. Celebrate milestones in our spiritual journey with joy and thanksgiving.

Ezra 3:12-13 – Sorrow and Joy Intermingled

“But many of the priests and Levites and chief of the fathers, who were ancient men, that had seen the first house, when the foundation of this house was laid before their eyes, wept with a loud voice; and many shouted aloud for joy: So that the people could not discern the noise of the shout of joy from the noise of the weeping of the people: for the people shouted with a loud shout, and the noise was heard afar off.” (KJV)

“But many of the older priests and Levites and family heads, who had seen the first temple, wept with a loud voice when they saw the foundation of this temple being laid, though many others shouted aloud for joy, so that the people could not distinguish the sound of the shout of joy from the sound of weeping, because the people shouted so loudly. And the sound was heard far away.” (NKJV)

The scene was a mixture of joy and sorrow. The older generation, who remembered the glory of the first temple, wept because the new temple paled in comparison. However, many others shouted for joy at the prospect of having a temple again. The sounds of weeping and shouting were so loud that they mingled together, creating a cacophony. This reflects the complex emotions associated with rebuilding and restoration – a mixture of hope and nostalgia. The contrast between the original temple and the new temple evokes a sadness that we too must relate to. Perhaps things are not always as grand, glorious, or easy, but we must rejoice in the opportunity to rebuild and to honor God.

Spiritual Application: It’s okay to grieve past losses and disappointments, but we must not allow them to overshadow the hope of the future. Acknowledge both the joy and sorrow in our lives, trusting that God will ultimately bring healing and restoration. Recognize the importance of both remembrance and hope in our spiritual journey.

Subtopic: Lessons from Rebuilding 🏗️

Ezra 3 provides several valuable lessons for believers today. The rebuilding of the altar and the temple foundation serves as a metaphor for our spiritual journey of restoration and renewal.

• ✨ Prioritize Spiritual Foundations: The Israelites rebuilt the altar and reinstituted worship *before* laying the temple foundation, emphasizing the importance of spiritual preparation.
• 💡 Obedience and Faithfulness: Despite facing fear and opposition, the Israelites remained obedient to God’s commands and faithful in their worship.
• 📖 Unity and Collaboration: The rebuilding effort required the participation of all members of the community, working together in unity and collaboration.
• 📜 Remembrance and Hope: The chapter acknowledges both the joy of restoration and the sorrow of past losses, highlighting the importance of both remembrance and hope.
• 🕊️ Embrace the Present: God’s plans are always evolving, and though the new temple was not the old one, it was still a gift. Embrace the gifts God gives to you.
• 🎉 Celebrate Small Victories: The smallest victory is still something to be celebrated. Don’t ignore moments that should be celebrated.

FAQ ❓

Here are some frequently asked questions about Ezra 3, with answers rooted in Coptic Orthodox theology:

• Q: Why did the Israelites prioritize rebuilding the altar before the temple?
  A: The altar represented their covenant relationship with God, and rebuilding it was a sign of repentance and a renewed commitment to worship. It was a demonstration that they were ready to follow God and to return to their original promise.
• Q: What is the significance of the older generation weeping?
  A: Their weeping reflected their sorrow over the diminished glory of the new temple compared to the first temple, which represented a time of greater national prosperity and spiritual fervor. It represents that, sometimes, the way forward can still be hard.
• Q: How does Ezra 3 apply to my life today?
  A: Ezra 3 teaches us the importance of prioritizing spiritual foundations, remaining faithful in the face of adversity, and embracing both joy and sorrow in our journey of faith. We should also make time to reflect and to consider our past and our future.
• Q: What is the best way to keep the Word of God near me?
  A: Keep the Word of God near you, in your thoughts and in your prayers. Study the Scriptures.

Conclusion 🎉

Ezra 3 reminds us that rebuilding the altar and laying the foundation for a new beginning requires more than just physical labor. It demands a spiritual commitment, a willingness to prioritize God’s will, and a recognition of both the joys and sorrows that accompany restoration. The Israelites’ example of unity, faithfulness, and praise serves as an inspiration for us today. As we rebuild the “altar” of our hearts and lay the “foundation” for a renewed spiritual life, may we do so with the same fervor and dedication as the returning exiles, trusting in God’s enduring mercy. May we also never forget that it is important to trust in God’s plan for us, and continue to be faithful.

Tags

Ezra, Ezra 3, Rebuilding, Temple, Altar, Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Coptic Orthodox, Commentary, Old Testament

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Explore Ezra 3 verse-by-verse from a Coptic Orthodox perspective. Discover spiritual insights on rebuilding the altar, laying the temple foundation, and restoring faith.