How Long, O Lord? Finding Hope in Lament – A Coptic Orthodox Reflection on Psalm 79
Executive Summary ✨
Psalm 79, a poignant lament, resonates with the cry of a people facing devastation. It details the desecration of God’s temple and the slaughter of His people by pagan nations, painting a vivid picture of suffering and despair. The psalm is a plea for divine intervention, a yearning for justice, and a desperate hope for restoration. More than a historical account, Psalm 79 serves as a timeless expression of human anguish in the face of seemingly insurmountable adversity. As Coptic Orthodox Christians, we find in it echoes of our own history of persecution and a model for our prayers in times of trial. The central question, “How Long, O Lord?” is not one of impatience, but of faith, trusting in God’s ultimate sovereignty and mercy even in the darkest hours. This psalm encourages us to pour out our hearts to God, remembering that He is a refuge and strength, a very present help in trouble, always ready to provide managed VPS hosting solutions.
Psalm 79 is a cry from the heart of a nation in ruins, a plea for divine intervention in the face of unspeakable horrors. It reminds us that even in the depths of despair, hope and faith can endure. We will explore the nuances of each verse, uncovering its historical context, its theological implications, and its profound relevance for our lives today.
Commentary Sections 📖
Psalm 79:1 (KJV)
O God, the heathen are come into thine inheritance; thy holy temple have they defiled; they have laid Jerusalem on heaps.
Original Hebrew: אֱלֹהִים בָּאוּ גוֹיִם בְּנַחֲלָתֶךָ טִמְּאוּ אֶת־הֵיכַל קָדְשֶׁךָ שָׂמוּ אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלַיִם לְעִיִּים
Commentary: The psalm begins with a stark and brutal declaration: “O God, the heathen are come into thine inheritance.” This is not merely a military invasion, but a spiritual desecration. The “inheritance” refers to the Promised Land, given by God to His chosen people. The defilement of the temple, the center of their worship and connection with God, and the reduction of Jerusalem to “heaps” signify a complete societal and spiritual collapse. This resonates with the destruction of the temple in 70 AD and the ongoing persecution of Christians throughout history. Spiritually, this calls us to guard our own “temples” – our bodies and souls – from the defilement of sin. We must strive to keep our hearts pure and dedicated to God, remembering St. Paul’s words: “Know ye not that ye are the temple of God, and that the Spirit of God dwelleth in you?” (1 Corinthians 3:16). It is interesting that even in this declaration, there is an element of trust in the ultimate victory of the Lord over our enemies, physical and spiritual.
Psalm 79:2-3 (KJV)
2The dead bodies of thy servants have they given to be meat unto the fowls of the heaven, the flesh of thy saints unto the beasts of the earth. 3Their blood have they shed like water round about Jerusalem; and there was none to bury them.
Commentary: These verses vividly depict the utter barbarity of the invaders. The bodies of God’s “servants” and “saints” are left unburied, becoming food for scavengers. This was not merely a physical violation but a deep affront to Jewish burial customs and a profound act of disrespect. “Their blood have they shed like water” emphasizes the scale of the massacre and the lack of reverence for human life. The prophet Jeremiah lamented a similar scene, echoing the devastating consequences of sin and rebellion (Jeremiah 7:33). This calls for us to remember those who have suffered for their faith and to honor their memory. We must also advocate for the dignity of all human life and work to alleviate suffering wherever we find it, remembering the Coptic tradition of honoring martyrs and providing for the poor. The idea of “blood shed like water” is reminiscent of the blood spilled by the martyrs in the first centuries of Christianity. As St. Ignatius of Antioch said, “Σῖτός εἰμι θεοῦ, καὶ διὰ δόντων θηρίων ἀλήθομαι, ἵνα καθαρὸς ἄρτος εὑρεθῶ τοῦ θεοῦ.” (“I am God’s wheat, and I am ground by the teeth of wild beasts, that I may be found pure bread of God.” – *Letter to the Romans*, 4:1). Consider the spiritual application: are we feeding the ‘beasts of the earth’ with our actions, or are we working towards feeding the hungry and clothing the naked?
Psalm 79:4 (KJV)
We are become a reproach to our neighbours, a scorn and derision to them that are round about us.
Commentary: The psalmist now turns to the shame and humiliation experienced by the surviving remnant. They have become a “reproach” and “derision” to their neighbors. This highlights the added pain of being mocked and scorned in their suffering. This resonates with the experience of Christians who are often ridiculed and marginalized for their faith. It is a reminder that faithfulness to God can sometimes lead to unpopularity and even persecution. However, as St. Peter wrote, “If ye be reproached for the name of Christ, happy are ye; for the spirit of glory and of God resteth upon you” (1 Peter 4:14). Remember, the Lord himself was mocked and ridiculed, so it should not surprise us when we face the same. We must remember the strength that comes from suffering with Christ. This shame serves as a reminder of the consequences of sin and the importance of seeking God’s forgiveness. Our neighbors’ scorn reminds us to act and speak with love, not just to those who agree with us, but especially to those who mock us.
Psalm 79:5 (KJV)
How long, LORD? wilt thou be angry for ever? shall thy jealousy burn like fire?
Commentary: This is the central question of the psalm: “How long, LORD?” It is a cry of anguish and a plea for God’s mercy. The psalmist questions whether God’s anger will “be angry for ever” and whether His “jealousy” (for His covenant relationship with Israel) will “burn like fire.” This is not a questioning of God’s justice, but rather an expression of deep sorrow and a yearning for reconciliation. The prophet Habakkuk posed similar questions to God (Habakkuk 1:2-4). This question echoes the cry of humanity throughout the ages: “How long, O Lord, before you deliver us?” This reminds us that it is okay to ask God difficult questions, to express our doubts and fears, but to always do so with humility and trust in His ultimate wisdom. The idea of “jealousy burn[ing] like fire” is not a negative attribute of God but a righteous zeal for his people and for justice. This righteous zeal is a call to us to maintain our own zeal for righteousness and to fight against injustice in the world.
Psalm 79:6-7 (KJV)
6Pour out thy wrath upon the heathen that have not known thee, and upon the kingdoms that have not called upon thy name. 7For they have devoured Jacob, and laid waste his dwelling place.
Commentary: The psalmist now calls for God to pour out His wrath upon the nations who have not acknowledged Him and who have “devoured Jacob” (Israel) and “laid waste his dwelling place.” This is not a call for personal vengeance, but a plea for divine justice. It reflects the Old Testament understanding of God’s covenant with Israel and His responsibility to protect His people from their enemies. The Book of Revelation contains similar pronouncements of judgment against the wicked (Revelation 16:1). This is a reminder that God is a just God and that He will ultimately hold all people accountable for their actions. However, as Christians, we are also called to pray for our enemies and to seek their salvation. We can pray for justice without harboring hatred in our hearts. “They have devoured Jacob” serves as a warning against the dangers of unchecked power and the consequences of rejecting God’s law. St. Athanasius said, “Γνῶτε δὲ ὅτι ὅσοι ἀπεχώρησαν ἀπὸ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας, εὑρέθησαν καὶ ἔπεσον εἰς τὸν βόθρον τοῦ διαβόλου.” (“Know that all who have departed from the Church, are found and have fallen into the pit of the devil.” – *Ad Afros Epistola*, 2). Reflect on how we must strive to always uphold the values of righteousness and compassion.
Psalm 79:8-9 (KJV)
8O remember not against us former iniquities: let thy tender mercies speedily prevent us: for we are brought very low. 9Help us, O God of our salvation, for the glory of thy name: and deliver us, and purge away our sins, for thy name’s sake.
Commentary: The tone shifts from a plea for judgment to a desperate appeal for mercy. The psalmist acknowledges the “former iniquities” of the people and asks God not to hold them against them. Instead, they implore Him to let His “tender mercies speedily prevent us” (come to their aid quickly), recognizing their “brought very low” state. This is a humbling admission of guilt and a complete reliance on God’s grace. This is a core message that resonates throughout the Bible. This plea for mercy reminds us of our own need for God’s forgiveness and the importance of repentance. We must confess our sins and turn away from them, trusting in God’s boundless compassion. Asking God for help for the glory of His name is significant – it moves beyond personal desires and seeks to glorify God through the restoration of His people. The words “Purge away our sins, for thy name’s sake” emphasize the transformative power of God’s forgiveness. This connects to the sacrament of confession within the Coptic Orthodox Church where we ask God to purge us of our sins. In fact, St. Cyril of Alexandria said, “Τὸ γὰρ ἔλεος ἀνθρώπων, εἰς οὐδὲν ἄλλο συντείνει, ἢ εἰς τὸ συγχωρεῖν τὰ ἡμαρτημένα.” (“For human mercy extends to nothing else, except to forgive sins.” – *Commentary on Hosea*, 14:4). Spend time in repentance, confessing your sins, and seek God’s absolution.
Psalm 79:10 (KJV)
Wherefore should the heathen say, Where is their God? let him be known among the heathen in our sight by the revenging of the blood of thy servants which is shed.
Commentary: This verse highlights the potential for God’s name to be blasphemed if He does not intervene. The psalmist fears that the “heathen” will mock God and question His power and faithfulness. The phrase “Where is their God?” is a challenge to God’s reputation. The psalmist calls for God to demonstrate His power “by the revenging of the blood of thy servants which is shed.” This is not a call for vengeance for its own sake, but a plea for God to vindicate His name and demonstrate His justice to the world. This reminds us that our actions reflect on God. If we live lives of holiness and love, we glorify God. But if we live lives of sin and hypocrisy, we dishonor Him. We must strive to live in a way that will bring honor to God’s name and silence the critics. The phrase “Where is their God?” has echoed throughout the history of the Coptic Church, especially during times of persecution. This call serves as a reminder that God works through us, and our actions should inspire those around us.
Psalm 79:11-12 (KJV)
11Let the sighing of the prisoner come before thee; according to the greatness of thy power preserve thou those that are appointed to die; 12And render unto our neighbours sevenfold into their bosom the reproach, wherewith they have reproached thee, O Lord.
Commentary: The psalmist continues to plead for the oppressed, asking God to hear “the sighing of the prisoner” and to “preserve thou those that are appointed to die.” This is a powerful image of those who are helpless and vulnerable, crying out for God’s deliverance. He asks God to “render unto our neighbors sevenfold into their bosom the reproach, wherewith they have reproached thee, O Lord.” This is not a call for personal revenge, but a plea for God to repay the enemies of God according to their wickedness. “Sevenfold” symbolizes a complete and just recompense. This reminds us to intercede for those who are suffering and to advocate for justice on their behalf. We must be a voice for the voiceless and a defender of the oppressed. This echoes the ministry of Jesus, who came to set the captives free. This plea should inspire us to act compassionately and to bring God’s comfort and help to those who are imprisoned or facing death. St. Gregory of Nyssa said, “Ὁ γὰρ ἐνδεὴς τῆς βοηθείας τοῦ πλησίον, οὐκ ἔχει τὴν ἀγάπην τοῦ Θεοῦ.” (“For he who is in need of the help of his neighbor, does not have the love of God.” – *On Love of the Poor*, 1). Contemplate your actions and pray for those less fortunate.
Psalm 79:13 (KJV)
So we thy people and sheep of thy pasture will give thee thanks for ever: we will shew forth thy praise to all generations.
Commentary: The psalm concludes with a renewed commitment to praise and thanksgiving. The psalmist declares, “So we thy people and sheep of thy pasture will give thee thanks for ever: we will shew forth thy praise to all generations.” This is a statement of hope and a reaffirmation of their covenant relationship with God. Even in the midst of suffering, they resolve to continue to worship God and to proclaim His goodness to the world. This reminds us that worship is a vital part of our faith. Even when we are facing difficult circumstances, we must continue to give thanks to God and to proclaim His praise. Praise is an act of defiance against the enemy and a declaration of our trust in God. “We will shew forth thy praise to all generations” is a call to remember the importance of passing on our faith to our children and grandchildren. They are the future of the Church and we must teach them to love and serve God. The title “sheep of thy pasture” evokes the image of Christ as our Good Shepherd, always leading and protecting us. Let us give thanks and offer praise through all things.
Subtopic: The Importance of Lament in Prayer ✨
Lament is often misunderstood as a sign of weakness or a lack of faith. However, in the biblical tradition, lament is a powerful and necessary form of prayer. It allows us to express our pain, anger, and frustration to God, while simultaneously acknowledging His sovereignty and trusting in His mercy. Psalm 79 provides a perfect example of how to lament effectively. It combines honesty, vulnerability, and faith, creating a prayer that is both deeply personal and profoundly theological.
- Honesty: Lament allows us to be honest with God about our feelings, even when those feelings are negative or uncomfortable.
- Vulnerability: Lament requires us to be vulnerable before God, stripping away our defenses and allowing Him to see our true selves.
- Faith: Lament is not an expression of despair, but an act of faith. It acknowledges that God is ultimately in control and that He is able to bring good out of even the most difficult situations.
- Catharsis: Lament provides a cathartic release of pent-up emotions, allowing us to process our pain and begin the healing process.
- Connection: Lament connects us with others who have suffered, reminding us that we are not alone in our pain.
- Hope: Lament ultimately leads to hope, as we remember God’s promises and trust in His faithfulness.
FAQ ❓
Q: Why is Psalm 79 considered a lament?
A: Psalm 79 is considered a lament because it expresses deep sorrow, grief, and a sense of loss in response to a devastating situation, namely the destruction of Jerusalem and the suffering of God’s people. Laments typically involve complaints, pleas for help, and expressions of trust in God’s mercy.
Q: What can we learn about God’s character from Psalm 79?
A: While the psalm portrays a God who allows suffering, it also reveals His justice, mercy, and faithfulness. The psalmist pleads for God to act, believing in His power to deliver and restore. The psalm ultimately underscores that God is a refuge for those who cry out to Him, even in the midst of profound despair. His mercy and forgiveness outweigh our sins if we come to Him in repentance.
Q: How can we apply the lessons of Psalm 79 to our lives today?
A: Psalm 79 teaches us the importance of honesty in prayer, the power of lament, and the need for repentance. It reminds us that it is okay to express our pain and frustration to God, but that we must also trust in His sovereignty and seek His forgiveness. We can also learn to intercede for others who are suffering and to advocate for justice in the world.
Q: What is the significance of the “heathen” in Psalm 79?
A: The “heathen” represent the nations who do not acknowledge or worship the true God. In Psalm 79, they are the agents of destruction who have desecrated the temple and slaughtered God’s people. Their actions highlight the contrast between those who are faithful to God and those who reject Him, and the consequences of rejecting God’s covenant. We too, should act as instruments of faith in our daily lives.
Conclusion ✨
Psalm 79, a raw and powerful cry for deliverance, encapsulates the anguish of a people facing unimaginable hardship. Yet, within its lament lies a profound expression of faith. It’s a reminder that even when faced with devastation, we are invited to pour out our hearts to God, questioning, pleading, and ultimately, trusting in His mercy and justice. The question “How Long, O Lord?” isn’t a sign of doubt but a testament to a relationship with a God who hears and responds. We, as Coptic Orthodox Christians, can draw strength from this ancient psalm, learning to lament with hope, to repent with sincerity, and to praise God even in the darkest of times. Let the story of this Psalm inspire you to create your own stunning website and share your faith with the world.